(Circulation. 1999;100:2135.)
© 1999 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinical Investigation and Reports |
Perturbation of the T-Cell Repertoire in Patients With Unstable Angina
From the Departments of Medicine (G.L., S.L.K., R.L.F., J.J.G., C.M.W.) and Biostatistics (W.M.O.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn; and the Division of Cardiology (A.M.), Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
Correspondence and reprint requests to C.M. Weyand, MD, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905. E-mail weyand.cornelia{at}mayo.edu
Background—Monocytes are
constitutively activated in unstable angina (UA), resulting in
the production of IL-6 and the upregulation of acute phase
proteins. Underlying mechanisms are not understood. To explore whether
the production of the potent monocyte activator
IFN-
is altered in UA, we compared cytokine
production by T lymphocytes in patients with UA (Braunwald’s
class IIIB) and with stable angina (SA).
Methods and Results—Peripheral blood lymphocytes were
collected at the time of hospitalization and after 2 and 12 weeks.
Cytokine-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T
cells were quantified by 3-color flow cytometry after stimulation with
phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin. UA was associated with
an increased number of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells
producing IFN-, whereas patients with SA had higher frequencies of
IL-2+ and IL-4+ CD4+ T cells.
Expansion of the IFN- + T-cell population in UA
persisted for at least 3 months. Increased production of
IFN- in UA could be attributed to the expansion of an unusual subset
of T cells, CD4+CD28null T cells.
Conclusions—Patients with UA are characterized by a perturbation
of the functional T-cell repertoire with a bias toward IFN-
production, suggesting that monocyte activation and acute phase
responses are consequences of T-cell activation. IFN- is produced by
CD4+CD28null T cells, which are expanded in UA
and distinctly low in SA and controls. The emergence of
CD4+CD28null T cells may result from persistent
antigenic stimulation.
Key Words: angina • ischemia • interleukins • immune system • lymphocytes
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  M. G.H. Betjes, W. Weimar, and N. H.R. Litjens CMV Seropositivity Determines Epoetin Dose and Hemoglobin Levels in Patients with CKD J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., December 1, 2009; 20(12): 2661 - 2666. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Burioni, F. Canducci, D. Saita, M. Perotti, N. Mancini, D. De Marco, N. Clementi, A. Chieffo, M. Denaro, D. Cianflone, et al. Antigen-Driven Evolution of B Lymphocytes in Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques J. Immunol., August 15, 2009; 183(4): 2537 - 2544. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. van Bergen, E. M. C. Kooy-Winkelaar, H. van Dongen, F. A. van Gaalen, A. Thompson, T. W. J. Huizinga, M. C. W. Feltkamp, R. E. M. Toes, and F. Koning Functional Killer Ig-Like Receptors on Human Memory CD4+ T Cells Specific for Cytomegalovirus J. Immunol., April 1, 2009; 182(7): 4175 - 4182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. E. Dumitriu, E. T. Araguas, C. Baboonian, and J. C. Kaski CD4+CD28null T cells in coronary artery disease: when helpers become killers Cardiovasc Res, January 1, 2009; 81(1): 11 - 19. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Ammirati, A.-C. Vermi, D. Cianflone, M. Banfi, C. Foglieni, C. Godino, F. Airoldi, L. A. Ferri, C. L. Gorman, A. A. Manfredi, et al. Expansion of T-Cell Receptor {zeta}dim Effector T Cells in Acute Coronary Syndromes Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, December 1, 2008; 28(12): 2305 - 2311. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Liuzzo, L. M. Biasucci, G. Trotta, S. Brugaletta, M. Pinnelli, G. Digianuario, V. Rizzello, A. G. Rebuzzi, C. Rumi, A. Maseri, et al. Unusual CD4+CD28null T Lymphocytes and Recurrence of Acute Coronary Events J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 9, 2007; 50(15): 1450 - 1458. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Aukrust, A. Yndestad, W. J. Sandberg, L. Gullestad, and J. K. Damas T Cells in Coronary Artery Disease: Different Effects of Different T-Cell Subsets J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 9, 2007; 50(15): 1459 - 1461. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Groyer, A. Nicoletti, H. Ait-Oufella, J. Khallou-Laschet, A. Varthaman, A.-T. Gaston, O. Thaunat, S. V. Kaveri, R. Blatny, H. Stockinger, et al. Atheroprotective Effect of CD31 Receptor Globulin Through Enrichment of Circulating Regulatory T-Cells J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 24, 2007; 50(4): 344 - 350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. K. Ray, D. A. Morrow, M. S. Sabatine, A. Shui, N. Rifai, C. P. Cannon, and E. Braunwald Long-Term Prognostic Value of Neopterin: A Novel Marker of Monocyte Activation in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Circulation, June 19, 2007; 115(24): 3071 - 3078. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Zal, C. Baboonian, and J. C. Kaski Letter to the Editor: Autoreactive CD4+CD28- T Cells and Acute Coronary Syndromes Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, March 1, 2007; 27(3): E18 - E18. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Ranjbaran, S. I. Sokol, A. Gallo, R. E. Eid, A. O. Iakimov, A. D'Alessio, J. R. Kapoor, S. Akhtar, C. J. Howes, M. Aslan, et al. An Inflammatory Pathway of IFN-{gamma} Production in Coronary Atherosclerosis J. Immunol., January 1, 2007; 178(1): 592 - 604. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Caligiuri and A. Nicoletti Lymphocyte responses in acute coronary syndromes: lack of regulation spawns deviant behaviour Eur. Heart J., November 1, 2006; 27(21): 2485 - 2486. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.-K. L. Robertson and G. K Hansson T Cells in Atherogenesis: For Better or For Worse? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, November 1, 2006; 26(11): 2421 - 2432. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L Dubey and Z Hesong Anti-inflammatory action of diltiazem in patients with unstable angina. Postgrad. Med. J., September 1, 2006; 82(971): 594 - 597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Sangiorgi, A. Mauriello, E. Bonanno, C. Oxvig, C. A. Conover, M. Christiansen, S. Trimarchi, V. Rampoldi, D. R. Holmes Jr, R. S. Schwartz, et al. Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A Is Markedly Expressed by Monocyte-Macrophage Cells in Vulnerable and Ruptured Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques: A Link Between Inflammation and Cerebrovascular Events J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 6, 2006; 47(11): 2201 - 2211. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Rizzello, G. Liuzzo, S. Brugaletta, A. Rebuzzi, L. M. Biasucci, and F. Crea Modulation of CD4+CD28null T Lymphocytes by Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} Blockade in Patients With Unstable Angina Circulation, May 16, 2006; 113(19): 2272 - 2277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Pryshchep, K. Sato, J. J. Goronzy, and C. M. Weyand T Cell Recognition and Killing of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Acute Coronary Syndrome Circ. Res., May 12, 2006; 98(9): 1168 - 1176. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Tedgui and Z. Mallat Cytokines in Atherosclerosis: Pathogenic and Regulatory Pathways Physiol Rev, April 1, 2006; 86(2): 515 - 581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Zhang, A. Niessner, T. Nakajima, W. Ma-Krupa, S. L. Kopecky, R. L. Frye, J. J. Goronzy, and C. M. Weyand Interleukin 12 Induces T-Cell Recruitment Into the Atherosclerotic Plaque Circ. Res., March 3, 2006; 98(4): 524 - 531. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. De Palma, F. Del Galdo, G. Abbate, M. Chiariello, R. Calabro, L. Forte, G. Cimmino, M. F. Papa, M. G. Russo, G. Ambrosio, et al. Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Show Oligoclonal T-Cell Recruitment Within Unstable Plaque: Evidence for a Local, Intracoronary Immunologic Mechanism Circulation, February 7, 2006; 113(5): 640 - 646. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Sato, A. Niessner, S. L. Kopecky, R. L. Frye, J. J. Goronzy, and C. M. Weyand TRAIL-expressing T cells induce apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells in the atherosclerotic plaque J. Exp. Med., January 23, 2006; 203(1): 239 - 250. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Amyes, A. J. McMichael, and M. F. C. Callan Human CD4+ T Cells Are Predominantly Distributed among Six Phenotypically and Functionally Distinct Subsets J. Immunol., November 1, 2005; 175(9): 5765 - 5773. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. K. Ray and C. P. Cannon The Potential Relevance of the Multiple Lipid-Independent (Pleiotropic) Effects of Statins in the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 18, 2005; 46(8): 1425 - 1433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G Liuzzo, G Giubilato, and M Pinnelli T cells and cytokines in atherogenesis Lupus, September 1, 2005; 14(9): 732 - 735. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Duftner, R. Seiler, P. Klein-Weigel, H. Gobel, C. Goldberger, C. Ihling, G. Fraedrich, and M. Schirmer High Prevalence of Circulating CD4+CD28- T-Cells in Patients With Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, July 1, 2005; 25(7): 1347 - 1352. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M.S.V. Elkind, R. R. Sciacca, B. Boden-Albala, T. Rundek, M. C. Paik, and R. L. Sacco Relative elevation in baseline leukocyte count predicts first cerebral infarction Neurology, June 28, 2005; 64(12): 2121 - 2125. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Methe, S. Brunner, D. Wiegand, M. Nabauer, J. Koglin, and E. R. Edelman Enhanced T-Helper-1 Lymphocyte Activation Patterns in Acute Coronary Syndromes J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 21, 2005; 45(12): 1939 - 1945. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Gniadecki and A. Lukowsky Monoclonal T-Cell Dyscrasia of Undetermined Significance Associated With Recalcitrant Erythroderma Arch Dermatol, March 1, 2005; 141(3): 361 - 367. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Monaco, E. Rossi, D. Milazzo, F. Citterio, F. Ginnetti, G. D'Onofrio, D. Cianflone, F. Crea, L. M. Biasucci, and A. Maseri Persistent systemic inflammation in unstable angina is largely unrelated to the atherothrombotic burden J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 18, 2005; 45(2): 238 - 243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. van Bergen, A. Thompson, A. van der Slik, T. H. M. Ottenhoff, J. Gussekloo, and F. Koning Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of CD4 T Cells Expressing Killer Ig-Like Receptors J. Immunol., December 1, 2004; 173(11): 6719 - 6726. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. G. Nadareishvili, H. Li, V. Wright, D. Maric, S. Warach, J. M. Hallenbeck, J. Dambrosia, J. L. Barker, and A. E. Baird Elevated pro-inflammatory CD4+CD28- lymphocytes and stroke recurrence and death Neurology, October 26, 2004; 63(8): 1446 - 1451. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Madjid, A. Zarrabi, S. Litovsky, J. T. Willerson, and W. Casscells Finding Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaques: Is It Worth the Effort? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 2004; 24(10): 1775 - 1782. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Snyder, T. Nakajima, P. J. Leibson, C. M. Weyand, and J. J. Goronzy Stimulatory Killer Ig-Like Receptors Modulate T Cell Activation through DAP12-Dependent and DAP12-Independent Mechanisms J. Immunol., September 15, 2004; 173(6): 3725 - 3731. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. M. M. van Leeuwen, E. B. M. Remmerswaal, M. T. M. Vossen, A. T. Rowshani, P. M. E. Wertheim-van Dillen, R. A. W. van Lier, and I. J. M. ten Berge Emergence of a CD4+CD28- Granzyme B+, Cytomegalovirus-Specific T Cell Subset after Recovery of Primary Cytomegalovirus Infection J. Immunol., August 1, 2004; 173(3): 1834 - 1841. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Abbate, E. Bonanno, A. Mauriello, R. Bussani, G. G.L. Biondi-Zoccai, G. Liuzzo, A. M. Leone, F. Silvestri, A. Dobrina, F. Baldi, et al. Widespread Myocardial Inflammation and Infarct-Related Artery Patency Circulation, July 6, 2004; 110(1): 46 - 50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Gerli, G. Schillaci, A. Giordano, E. B. Bocci, O. Bistoni, G. Vaudo, S. Marchesi, M. Pirro, F. Ragni, Y. Shoenfeld, et al. CD4+CD28- T Lymphocytes Contribute to Early Atherosclerotic Damage in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Circulation, June 8, 2004; 109(22): 2744 - 2748. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Zal, J. C. Kaski, G. Arno, J. P. Akiyu, Q. Xu, D. Cole, M. Whelan, N. Russell, J. A. Madrigal, I. A. Dodi, et al. Heat-Shock Protein 60-Reactive CD4+CD28null T Cells in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Circulation, March 16, 2004; 109(10): 1230 - 1235. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. J de Boer, A. E Becker, and A. C van der Wal T lymphocytes in atherogenesis--functional aspects and antigenic repertoire Cardiovasc Res, October 15, 2003; 60(1): 78 - 86. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Mallat, A. Gojova, V. Brun, B. Esposito, N. Fournier, F. Cottrez, A. Tedgui, and H. Groux Induction of a Regulatory T Cell Type 1 Response Reduces the Development of Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice Circulation, September 9, 2003; 108(10): 1232 - 1237. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.-P. Yang, L.-J. Ho, Y.-L. Lin, S.-M. Cheng, T.-P. Tsao, D.-M. Chang, Y.-L. Hsu, C.-Y. Shih, T.-Y. Juan, and J.-H. Lai Carvedilol, a new antioxidative {beta}-blocker, blocks in vitro human peripheral blood T cell activation by downregulating NF-{kappa}B activity Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2003; 59(3): 776 - 787. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Nakajima, O. Goek, X. Zhang, S. L. Kopecky, R. L. Frye, J. J. Goronzy, and C. M. Weyand De Novo Expression of Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors and Signaling Proteins Regulates the Cytotoxic Function of CD4 T Cells in Acute Coronary Syndromes Circ. Res., July 25, 2003; 93(2): 106 - 113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Soejima, A. Irie, S. Miyamoto, I. Kajiwara, S. Kojima, J. Hokamaki, T. Sakamoto, T. Tanaka, M. Yoshimura, Y. Nishimura, et al. Preference Toward a T-Helper Type 1 Response in Patients With Coronary Spastic Angina Circulation, May 6, 2003; 107(17): 2196 - 2200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. D. Kitas and N. Erb Tackling ischaemic heart disease in rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatology, May 1, 2003; 42(5): 607 - 613. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. J. Warrington, A. N. Vallejo, C. M. Weyand, and J. J. Goronzy CD28 loss in senescent CD4+ T cells: reversal by interleukin-12 stimulation Blood, May 1, 2003; 101(9): 3543 - 3549. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Snyder, M. Lucas, E. Vivier, C. M. Weyand, and J. J. Goronzy Selective Activation of the c-Jun NH2-terminal Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway by Stimulatory KIR in the Absence of KARAP/DAP12 in CD4+ T Cells J. Exp. Med., February 17, 2003; 197(4): 437 - 449. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. C. Cooper, C. P. Breen, B. Vyas, J. Ochola, D. M. Kemeny, and I. C. Macdougall Poor response to recombinant erythropoietin is associated with loss of T-lymphocyte CD28 expression and altered interleukin-10 production Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., January 1, 2003; 18(1): 133 - 140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. N. Vallejo, E. Bryl, K. Klarskov, S. Naylor, C. M. Weyand, and J. J. Goronzy Molecular Basis for the Loss of CD28 Expression in Senescent T Cells J. Biol. Chem., November 27, 2002; 277(49): 46940 - 46949. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. S.V. Elkind, R. Sciacca, B. Boden-Albala, S. Homma, and M. R. Di Tullio Leukocyte Count Is Associated With Aortic Arch Plaque Thickness Stroke, November 1, 2002; 33(11): 2587 - 2592. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Takeda, M. Spatz, C. Ruetzler, R. McCarron, K. Becker, J. Hallenbeck, N. Feuerstein, S. Goldman, and G. Feuerstein Induction of Mucosal Tolerance to E-Selectin Prevents Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Spontaneously Hypertensive Genetically Stroke-Prone Rats * Editorial Comment Stroke, September 1, 2002; 33(9): 2156 - 2164. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Snyder, L.-O. Muegge, C. Offord, W. M. O'Fallon, Z. Bajzer, C. M. Weyand, and J. J. Goronzy Formation of the Killer Ig-Like Receptor Repertoire on CD4+CD28null T Cells J. Immunol., April 15, 2002; 168(8): 3839 - 3846. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Marx, B. Kehrle, K. Kohlhammer, M. Grub, W. Koenig, V. Hombach, P. Libby, and J. Plutzky PPAR Activators as Antiinflammatory Mediators in Human T Lymphocytes: Implications for Atherosclerosis and Transplantation-Associated Arteriosclerosis Circ. Res., April 5, 2002; 90(6): 703 - 710. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Maseri and D. Cianflone Inflammation in acute coronary syndromes Eur. Heart J. Suppl., March 1, 2002; 4(suppl_B): B8 - B13. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Nakajima, S. Schulte, K. J. Warrington, S. L. Kopecky, R. L. Frye, J. J. Goronzy, and C. M. Weyand T-Cell-Mediated Lysis of Endothelial Cells in Acute Coronary Syndromes Circulation, February 5, 2002; 105(5): 570 - 575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. V. Zalai, M. D. Kolodziejczyk, L. Pilarski, A. Christov, P. N. Nation, M. Lundstrom-Hobman, W. Tymchak, V. Dzavik, D. P. Humen, W. J. Kostuk, et al. Increased circulating monocyte activation in patients with unstable coronary syndromes J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 1, 2001; 38(5): 1340 - 1347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Mallat, A. Corbaz, A. Scoazec, S. Besnard, G. Leseche, Y. Chvatchko, and A. Tedgui Expression of Interleukin-18 in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques and Relation to Plaque Instability Circulation, October 2, 2001; 104(14): 1598 - 1603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Bryl, A. N. Vallejo, C. M. Weyand, and J. J. Goronzy Down-Regulation of CD28 Expression by TNF-{alpha} J. Immunol., September 15, 2001; 167(6): 3231 - 3238. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-H. Yen, B. E. Moore, T. Nakajima, D. Scholl, D. J. Schaid, C. M. Weyand, and J. J. Goronzy Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I-Recognizing Receptors Are Disease Risk Genes in Rheumatoid Arthritis J. Exp. Med., May 21, 2001; 193(10): 1159 - 1168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Liuzzo, D. J. Angiolillo, A. Buffon, V. Rizzello, C. Colizzi, F. Ginnetti, L. M. Biasucci, and A. Maseri Enhanced Response of Blood Monocytes to In Vitro Lipopolysaccharide-Challenge in Patients With Recurrent Unstable Angina Circulation, May 8, 2001; 103(18): 2236 - 2241. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. S. Elkind, J. Cheng, B. Boden-Albala, M. C. Paik, and R. L. Sacco Elevated White Blood Cell Count and Carotid Plaque Thickness : The Northern Manhattan Stroke Study Stroke, April 1, 2001; 32(4): 842 - 849. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Liuzzo, A. N. Vallejo, S. L. Kopecky, R. L. Frye, D. R. Holmes, J. J. Goronzy, and C. M. Weyand Molecular Fingerprint of Interferon-{{gamma}} Signaling in Unstable Angina Circulation, March 20, 2001; 103(11): 1509 - 1514. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Teichert-Kuliszewska, P. C. Maisonpierre, N. Jones, A. I.M. Campbell, Z. Master, M. P. Bendeck, K. Alitalo, D. J. Dumont, G. D. Yancopoulos, and D. J. Stewart Biological action of angiopoietin-2 in a fibrin matrix model of angiogenesis is associated with activation of Tie2 Cardiovasc Res, February 16, 2001; 49(3): 659 - 670. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. N. Vallejo, M. Schirmer, C. M. Weyand, and J. J. Goronzy Clonality and Longevity of CD4+CD28null T Cells Are Associated with Defects in Apoptotic Pathways J. Immunol., December 1, 2000; 165(11): 6301 - 6307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Raza, J. Thambyrajah, J. N. Townend, A. R. Exley, C. Hortas, A. Filer, D. M. Carruthers, and P. A. Bacon Suppression of Inflammation in Primary Systemic Vasculitis Restores Vascular Endothelial Function: Lessons for Atherosclerotic Disease? Circulation, September 26, 2000; 102(13): 1470 - 1472. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Liuzzo, J. J. Goronzy, H. Yang, S. L. Kopecky, D. R. Holmes, R. L. Frye, and C. M. Weyand Monoclonal T-Cell Proliferation and Plaque Instability in Acute Coronary Syndromes Circulation, June 27, 2000; 101(25): 2883 - 2888. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. N. Vallejo, L. O. Mugge, P. A. Klimiuk, C. M. Weyand, and J. J. Goronzy Central Role of Thrombospondin-1 in the Activation and Clonal Expansion of Inflammatory T Cells J. Immunol., March 15, 2000; 164(6): 2947 - 2954. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Pasceri and E. T. H. Yeh A Tale of Two Diseases : Atherosclerosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Circulation, November 23, 1999; 100(21): 2124 - 2126. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. N. Vallejo, C. M. Weyand, and J. J. Goronzy Functional Disruption of the CD28 Gene Transcriptional Initiator in Senescent T Cells J. Biol. Chem., January 19, 2001; 276(4): 2565 - 2570. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Marx, B. Kehrle, K. Kohlhammer, M. Grub, W. Koenig, V. Hombach, P. Libby, and J. Plutzky PPAR Activators as Antiinflammatory Mediators in Human T Lymphocytes: Implications for Atherosclerosis and Transplantation-Associated Arteriosclerosis Circ. Res., April 5, 2002; 90(6): 703 - 710. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|