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Circulation. 2002;105:1233-1239
Published online before print February 11, 2002, doi: 10.1161/hc1002.105228
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(Circulation. 2002;105:1233.)
© 2002 American Heart Association, Inc.


Basic Science Reports

Local Delivery of Plasmid DNA Into Rat Carotid Artery Using Ultrasound

Yoshiaki Taniyama, MD PhD; Katsuro Tachibana, MD; Kazuya Hiraoka, MD; Tsunetatsu Namba, MD; Keita Yamasaki, MD; Naotaka Hashiya, MD; Motokuni Aoki, MD PhD; Toshio Ogihara, MD PhD; Kaneda Yasufumi, MD PhD; Ryuichi Morishita, MD PhD

From the Department of Geriatric Medicine (Y.T., K.H., T.N., K.Y., N.H., M.A., T.O., R.M.) and Division of Gene Therapy Science (Y.T., K.Y., R.M.), Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and the First Department of Anatomy (K.T.), Fukuoka University, School of Medicine, Hakata, Japan.

Correspondence to Ryuichi Morishita, Division of Gene Therapy Science, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita 565, Japan. E-mail morishit{at}geriat.med.osaka-u.ac.jp

Background Although viral vector systems are efficient to transfect foreign genes into blood vessels, safety issues remain in relation to human gene therapy. In this study, we examined the feasibility of a novel nonviral vector system by using high-frequency, low-intensity ultrasound irradiation for transfection into blood vessels.

Methods and Results Luciferase plasmid mixed with or without echo contrast microbubble (Optison) was transfected into cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and endothelial cells (EC) with the use of ultrasound. Interestingly, luciferase activity was markedly increased in both cell types treated with Optison. We then transfected luciferase plasmid mixed with Optison by means of therapeutic ultrasound into rat artery. Two days after transfection, luciferase activity was significantly higher in carotid artery transfected with luciferase gene with Optison and ultrasound than with plasmid alone. In addition, we transfected an anti-oncogene (p53) plasmid into carotid artery after balloon injury as a model of gene therapy for restenosis. Two weeks after transfection, the intimal-to-medial area ratio in rats transfected with wild-type p53 plasmid complexed with Optison by means of ultrasound was significantly decreased as compared with control, accompanied by a significant increase in p53 protein. No apparent toxicity such as inflammation could be detected in blood vessels transfected with plasmid DNA with ultrasound and Optison.

Conclusions Overall, we demonstrated that an ultrasound transfection method with Optison enhanced transfection efficiency of naked plasmid DNA into blood vessels without any apparent toxicity. Transfection of p53 plasmid with the use of this method should be useful for safe clinical gene therapy without a viral vector system.


Key Words: gene therapy • restenosis • ultrasonics • vessels




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