Circulation. 2002;105:564-569
doi: 10.1161/hc0502.103331
doi: 10.1161/hc0502.103331
(Circulation. 2002;105:564.)
© 2002 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinical Investigation and Reports |
Weight Loss Reduces C-Reactive Protein Levels in Obese Postmenopausal Women
From the Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington.
Correspondence to Eric T. Poehlman, PhD, Département de Nutrition, Unité Métabolique, Université de Montréal, 2405 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1A8 Canada. E-mail Eric.Poehlman{at}umontreal.ca
Background— C-reactive protein (CRP) has been proposed as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has been positively associated with body weight and body fatness. We examined the hypothesis that weight loss would reduce plasma CRP levels in obese postmenopausal women.
Methods and Results— In a sample of 61 obese (body mass index, 35.6±5.0 kg/m2), postmenopausal women (age, 56.4±5.2 years), we found that plasma CRP levels were positively associated with dual x-ray absorptiometry–measured total body fatness (r=0.36, P<0.005) and CT-measured intra-abdominal body fat area (r=0.30, P<0.02). Significant correlations were also found between plasma CRP and triglyceride levels (r=0.33, P<0.009) and glucose disposal measured by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique (r=-0.29, P<0.03). Twenty-five of the 61 women tested at baseline completed a weight loss protocol. The average weight loss was 14.5±6.2 kg (-15.6%, P<0.0001), with losses of 10.4±5.4 kg fat mass (-25.0%, P<0.0001) and 2.8±1.4 kg fat-free mass (-6.0%, P<0.0001). Visceral and subcutaneous fat areas were reduced by -36.4% and -23.7%, respectively (P<0.0001). Plasma CRP levels were significantly reduced by weight loss: average -32.3%, from 3.06 (+0.69, -1.29) to 1.63 (+0.70, -0.75) µg/mL (P<0.0001, medians and interquartile differences). Changes in body weight and in total body fat mass were both positively associated with plasma CRP level reductions.
Conclusions— Adiposity was a significant predictor of plasma CRP in postmenopausal women on a cross-sectional basis. Moreover, caloric restriction–induced weight loss decreased plasma CRP levels. Weight loss may represent an important intervention to reduce CRP levels, which may mediate part of its cardioprotective effects in obese postmenopausal women.
Key Words: inflammation • cardiovascular diseases • risk factors • women • obesity
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M. Raitakari, T. Ilvonen, M. Ahotupa, T. Lehtimaki, A. Harmoinen, P. Suominen, J. Elo, J. Hartiala, and O. T. Raitakari Weight Reduction With Very-Low-Caloric Diet and Endothelial Function in Overweight Adults: Role of Plasma Glucose Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 2004; 24(1): 124 - 128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G.M. Hirschfield and M.B. Pepys C-reactive protein and cardiovascular disease: new insights from an old molecule QJM, November 1, 2003; 96(11): 793 - 807. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. Morin-Papunen, K. Rautio, A. Ruokonen, P. Hedberg, M. Puukka, and J. S. Tapanainen Metformin Reduces Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2003; 88(10): 4649 - 4654. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. S. Volek, M. J. Sharman, A. L. Gomez, T. P. Scheett, and W. J. Kraemer An Isoenergetic Very Low Carbohydrate Diet Improves Serum HDL Cholesterol and Triacylglycerol Concentrations, the Total Cholesterol to HDL Cholesterol Ratio and Postprandial Lipemic Responses Compared with a Low Fat Diet in Normal Weight, Normolipidemic Women J. Nutr., September 1, 2003; 133(9): 2756 - 2761. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. B. Ledue and N. Rifai Preanalytic and Analytic Sources of Variations in C-reactive Protein Measurement: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment Clin. Chem., August 1, 2003; 49(8): 1258 - 1271. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Engstrom, B. Hedblad, L. Stavenow, P. Lind, L. Janzon, and F. Lindgarde Inflammation-Sensitive Plasma Proteins Are Associated With Future Weight Gain Diabetes, August 1, 2003; 52(8): 2097 - 2101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. P. Erlinger, E. R. Miller III, J. Charleston, and L. J. Appel Inflammation Modifies the Effects of a Reduced-Fat Low-Cholesterol Diet on Lipids: Results From the DASH-Sodium Trial Circulation, July 15, 2003; 108(2): 150 - 154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. C. Carr The Emergence of the Metabolic Syndrome with Menopause J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 2003; 88(6): 2404 - 2411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H.P. Kopp, C.W. Kopp, A. Festa, K. Krzyzanowska, S. Kriwanek, E. Minar, R. Roka, and G. Schernthaner Impact of Weight Loss on Inflammatory Proteins and Their Association With the Insulin Resistance Syndrome in Morbidly Obese Patients Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, June 1, 2003; 23(6): 1042 - 1047. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Esposito, A. Pontillo, C. Di Palo, G. Giugliano, M. Masella, R. Marfella, and D. Giugliano Effect of Weight Loss and Lifestyle Changes on Vascular Inflammatory Markers in Obese Women: A Randomized Trial JAMA, April 9, 2003; 289(14): 1799 - 1804. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Yokoe, K. Minoguchi, H. Matsuo, N. Oda, H. Minoguchi, G. Yoshino, T. Hirano, and M. Adachi Elevated Levels of C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Are Decreased by Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Circulation, March 4, 2003; 107(8): 1129 - 1134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Esposito, A. Pontillo, F. Giugliano, G. Giugliano, R. Marfella, G. Nicoletti, and D. Giugliano Association of Low Interleukin-10 Levels with the Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 2003; 88(3): 1055 - 1058. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. Ouchi, S. Kihara, T. Funahashi, T. Nakamura, M. Nishida, M. Kumada, Y. Okamoto, K. Ohashi, H. Nagaretani, K. Kishida, et al. Reciprocal Association of C-Reactive Protein With Adiponectin in Blood Stream and Adipose Tissue Circulation, February 11, 2003; 107(5): 671 - 674. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 B. J. Nicklas, K. E. Dennis, D. M. Berman, J. Sorkin, A. S. Ryan, and A. P. Goldberg Lifestyle Intervention of Hypocaloric Dieting and Walking Reduces Abdominal Obesity and Improves Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors in Obese, Postmenopausal, African-American and Caucasian Women J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., February 1, 2003; 58(2): M181 - 189. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. T.H. Yeh and J. T. Willerson Coming of Age of C-Reactive Protein: Using Inflammation Markers in Cardiology Circulation, January 28, 2003; 107(3): 370 - 371. [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. A. Pearson, G. A. Mensah, R. W. Alexander, J. L. Anderson, R. O. Cannon III, M. Criqui, Y. Y. Fadl, S. P. Fortmann, Y. Hong, G. L. Myers, et al. Markers of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease: Application to Clinical and Public Health Practice: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association Circulation, January 28, 2003; 107(3): 499 - 511. [Full Text] [PDF]
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T.S. Church, C.E. Barlow, C.P. Earnest, J.B. Kampert, E.L. Priest, and S.N. Blair Associations Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and C-Reactive Protein in Men Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, November 1, 2002; 22(11): 1869 - 1876. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. P. Cooke and R. K. Oka Does Leptin Cause Vascular Disease? Circulation, October 8, 2002; 106(15): 1904 - 1905. [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. J. Wang, M. G. Larson, D. Levy, E. J. Benjamin, M. J. Kupka, W. J. Manning, M. E. Clouse, R. B. D'Agostino, P. W.F. Wilson, and C. J. O'Donnell C-Reactive Protein Is Associated With Subclinical Epicardial Coronary Calcification in Men and Women: The Framingham Heart Study Circulation, September 3, 2002; 106(10): 1189 - 1191. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. E. Ramsay, W. R. Ferrell, L. Crawford, A. M. Wallace, I. A. Greer, and N. Sattar Maternal Obesity Is Associated with Dysregulation of Metabolic, Vascular, and Inflammatory Pathways J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., September 1, 2002; 87(9): 4231 - 4237. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Esposito, A. Pontillo, M. Ciotola, C. Di Palo, E. Grella, G. Nicoletti, and D. Giugliano Weight Loss Reduces Interleukin-18 Levels in Obese Women J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 2002; 87(8): 3864 - 3866. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. L. Bhatt and E. J. Topol Need to Test the Arterial Inflammation Hypothesis Circulation, July 2, 2002; 106(1): 136 - 140. [Full Text] [PDF]
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 Another Reason for Weight Loss: It Lowers Elevated CRP Levels Journal Watch Women's Health, April 22, 2002; 2002(422): 5 - 5. [Full Text]
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