Circulation. 2007;115:2474-2480
Published online before print April 30, 2007, doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.663807
Published online before print April 30, 2007, doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.663807
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Circulation. 2007;115:2474-2480.)
© 2007 American Heart Association, Inc.
Arrhythmia/Electrophysiology |
Annual Rate of Transvenous Defibrillation Lead Defects in Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators Over a Period of >10 Years
From the Herzzentrum Ludwigshafen, Klinikum Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Correspondence to Thomas Kleemann, MD, Herzzentrum Ludwigshafen, Medizinische Klinik B, Bremserstraße 79, D-67063 Ludwigshafen, Germany. E-mail thomas.kleemann.lu{at}t-online.de
Received September 11, 2006; accepted February 22, 2007.
Background— The number of patients with longer follow-up after implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is increasing continuously. Defibrillation lead failure is a typical long-term complication. Therefore, the long-term reliability of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator leads has become an increasing concern. The aim of the present study was to assess the annual rate of transvenous defibrillation lead defects related to follow-up time after lead implantation.
Methods and Results— A total of 990 consecutive patients who underwent first implantation of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator between 1992 and May 2005 were analyzed. Median follow-up time was 934 days (interquartile range, 368 to 1870). Overall, 148 defibrillation leads (15%) failed during the follow-up. The estimated lead survival rates at 5 and 8 years after implantation were 85% and 60%, respectively. The annual failure rate increased progressively with time after implantation and reached 20% in 10-year-old leads (P<0.001). Lead defects affected newer as well as older models. Patients with lead defects were 3 years younger at implantation and more often female. Multiple lead implantation was associated with a trend to a higher rate of defibrillation lead defects (P=0.06). The major lead complications were insulation defects (56%), lead fractures (12%), loss of ventricular capture (11%), abnormal lead impedance (10%), and sensing failure (10%).
Conclusions— An increasing annual lead failure rate is noted primarily during long-term follow-up and reached 20% in 10-year-old leads. Patients with lead defects are younger and more often female.
CLINICAL PERSPECTIVE
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  C. Leclercq, C. Daubert, and P. Mabo Not too late, not too fast!! Eur. Heart J., November 2, 2009; 30(22): 2689 - 2692. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. C. Daubert, C. Leclercq, and P. Mabo Cardiac resynchronization therapy in combination with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator Europace, November 1, 2009; 11(suppl_5): v87 - v92. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Brignole Are complications of implantable defibrillators under-estimated and benefits over-estimated? Europace, September 1, 2009; 11(9): 1129 - 1133. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. J. W. Borleffs, L. van Erven, R. J. van Bommel, E. T. van der Velde, E. E. van der Wall, J. J. Bax, F. R. Rosendaal, and M. J. Schalij Risk of Failure of Transvenous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Leads Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, August 1, 2009; 2(4): 411 - 416. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Sack, P. Kahlert, L. Bilodeau, L. A. Pierard, P. Lancellotti, V. Legrand, J. Bartunek, M. Vanderheyden, R. Hoffmann, P. Schauerte, et al. Percutaneous Transvenous Mitral Annuloplasty: Initial Human Experience With a Novel Coronary Sinus Implant Device Circ Cardiovasc Interv, August 1, 2009; 2(4): 277 - 284. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. G. Gaca, B. Lima, C. A. Milano, S. S. Lin, R. D. Davis, J. E. Lowe, and P. K. Smith Laser-assisted extraction of pacemaker and defibrillator leads: the role of the cardiac surgeon. Ann. Thorac. Surg., May 1, 2009; 87(5): 1446 - 1450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Grace Implantable defibrillators in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Heart, May 1, 2009; 95(9): 695 - 696. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Spencker, N. Coban, L. Koch, A. Schirdewan, and D. Muller Potential role of home monitoring to reduce inappropriate shocks in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients due to lead failure Europace, April 1, 2009; 11(4): 483 - 488. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. Marine Remote monitoring for prevention of inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks: is there no place like home? Europace, April 1, 2009; 11(4): 409 - 411. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Z. Duray, J. Schmitt, S. Cicek-Hartvig, S. H. Hohnloser, and C. W. Israel Complications leading to surgical revision in implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients: comparison of patients with single-chamber, dual-chamber, and biventricular devices Europace, March 1, 2009; 11(3): 297 - 302. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Corrado, G. Gasparini, and A. Raviele Lead malfunctions in implantable cardioverter defibrillators: where are we and where should we go? Europace, March 1, 2009; 11(3): 276 - 277. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Kleemann and K. Seidl Letter by Kleemann and Seidl Regarding Article, "Necessity for Surgical Revision of Defibrillator Leads Implanted Long-Term: Causes and Management" Circulation, January 6, 2009; 119(1): e8 - e8. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Sticherling, J. Eckstein, B. A. Schaer, S. Osswald, M. T. Koller, D. Kalusche, and M. Zabel Response to Letter Regarding Article, "Necessity for Surgical Revision of Chronically Implanted Defibrillator Leads: Causes and Management" Circulation, January 6, 2009; 119(1): e9 - e9. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Boriani, M. Biffi, A. Marziali, I. Diemberger, and C. Martignani A changing scenario in the clinical use of implantable defibrillators: the need for long-term data on lead performance Europace, January 1, 2009; 11(1): 1 - 3. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Goette, F. Cantu, L. van Erven, P. Geelen, F. Halimi, J. L. Merino, J. M. Morgan, and on behalf of the Scientific Initiative Committee o Performance and survival of transvenous defibrillation leads: need for a European data registry Europace, January 1, 2009; 11(1): 31 - 34. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. G. Hauser A Better Method for Preventing Adverse Clinical Events Caused by Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Lead Fractures? Circulation, November 18, 2008; 118(21): 2117 - 2119. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. D. Swerdlow, B. D. Gunderson, K. T. Ousdigian, A. Abeyratne, R. W. Stadler, J. M. Gillberg, A. S. Patel, and K. A. Ellenbogen Downloadable Algorithm to Reduce Inappropriate Shocks Caused by Fractures of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Leads Circulation, November 18, 2008; 118(21): 2122 - 2129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Tung, P. Zimetbaum, and M. E. Josephson A Critical Appraisal of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy for the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 30, 2008; 52(14): 1111 - 1121. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Healey and S. Connolly Life and Death after ICD Implantation N. Engl. J. Med., September 4, 2008; 359(10): 1058 - 1059. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. C. Saumarez, M. Pytkowski, M. Sterlinski, J. P. Bourke, J. R. Clague, S. M. Cobbe, D. T. Connelly, M. J. Griffith, P. P. McKeown, K. McLeod, et al. Paced ventricular electrogram fractionation predicts sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Eur. Heart J., July 1, 2008; 29(13): 1653 - 1661. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Chinushi, Y. Hosaka, N. Ikarashi, K. Iijima, H. Furushima, and Y. Aizawa Automatic R-wave and impedance testing with the modern patient alert system to reduce inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks due to lead fracture Europace, June 1, 2008; 10(6): 738 - 740. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. M. Scheinman and E. Keung The Year in Review of Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 27, 2008; 51(21): 2075 - 2081. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. H. Maisel and D. B. Kramer Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Lead Performance Circulation, May 27, 2008; 117(21): 2721 - 2723. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Eckstein, M. T. Koller, M. Zabel, D. Kalusche, B. A. Schaer, S. Osswald, and C. Sticherling Necessity for Surgical Revision of Defibrillator Leads Implanted Long-Term: Causes and Management Circulation, May 27, 2008; 117(21): 2727 - 2733. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. B. Johansen, S. S. Pedersen, H. Spindler, K. Andersen, J. C. Nielsen, and P. T. Mortensen Symptomatic heart failure is the most important clinical correlate of impaired quality of life, anxiety, and depression in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients: a single-centre, cross-sectional study in 610 patients Europace, May 1, 2008; 10(5): 545 - 551. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Sarkozy, P. Brugada, L. Mont, and J. Brugada Optimizing the clinical use of implantable defibrillators in patients with Brugada syndrome Eur. Heart J. Suppl., December 1, 2007; 9(suppl_I): I74 - I80. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Suri and S. Keller Letter by Suri and Keller Regarding Article, "Annual Rate of Transvenous Defibrillation Lead Defects in Cardioverter-Defibrillators Over a Period of >10 Years" Circulation, October 30, 2007; 116(18): e512 - e512. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Kleemann, T. Becker, K. Doenges, M. Vater, J. Senges, S. Schneider, W. Saggau, U. Weisse, and K. Seidl Response to Letter Regarding Article, "Annual Rate of Transvenous Defibrillation Lead Defects in Cardioverter-Defibrillators Over a Period of >10 Years" Circulation, October 30, 2007; 116(18): e513 - e513. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. Ezekowitz, B. H. Rowe, D. M. Dryden, N. Hooton, B. Vandermeer, C. Spooner, and F. A. McAlister Systematic Review: Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators for Adults with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction Ann Intern Med, August 21, 2007; 147(4): 251 - 262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Failure Rate of ICD Leads Are Greater Than Expected Journal Watch Cardiology, May 30, 2007; 2007(530): 2 - 2. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. H. Maisel Transvenous Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Leads: The Weakest Link Circulation, May 15, 2007; 115(19): 2461 - 2463. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|