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(Circulation. 1973;48:735.)
© 1973 American Heart Association, Inc.

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Quantitation of the Normal Frank and McFee-Parungao Orthogonal Electrocardiogram in the Adolescent

JEROME LIEBMAN M.D.¹; MOO H. LEE M.D.¹; P. SYAMASUNDAR RAO MBBS, DCH¹; WILMA MACKAY ¹

¹ From the Departments of Pediatrics and Biometry, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio and Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.

A detailed linear, circular and spherical quantitation of the Frank and McFee-Parungao orthogonal electrocardiograms of 166 adolescents is presented.

There are significant differences between pubescent males and females: (1) QRS and T magnitudes in the male are greater than in the female. (2) The difference in magnitudes is greater at age 11-15 than at age 16-19, presumably because females reach puberty earlier. (3) The differences in magnitudes are on the X and Z axes but not the Y axis. (4) Males achieve their maximal posterior QRS orientation sooner than females and are more superior as it occurs. (5) The female's T vector is less anterior than the male's. (6) The angular deviation of T from QRS is less in females than males for the horizontal and sagittal planes.

There are significant differences between the two lead systems: (1) The McFee-Parungao's voltages are greater than those of the Frank system. (2) On the X axis, the Frank leftward vector is 62% of the McFee, but the terminal rightward vector is 85% of the McFee. (3) On the Y axis, the Frank inferior vector is 76% of the McFee, but initial superior is 90% and the terminal superior 62% of the McFee. (4) On the X axis, 25% is terminally to the right in the Frank, but only 15% in the McFee. (5) The Frank system is oriented slightly more posterior than the McFee, though the T vectors are not oriented differently.

There is no evidence that the spatial QRS and T orientations are related to each other.

Key Words: Vectorcardiogram

Submitted on March 19, 1973
Accepted on May 15, 1973