Circulation, Vol 52, 859-867, Copyright © 1975 by American Heart Association
NB Ingels Jr, GT Daughters 2d, EB Stinson and EL Alderman
Tiny radiopaque helices (0.85 times 1.5 mm) of pure tantalum wire were
implanted by means of a simple insertor instrument into the left
ventricular myocardium in 24 patients at the time of cardiac surgery. The
markers were positioned in such a way as to outline the profile of the left
ventricle when viewed in a 30 degree right anterior oblique projection.
Biplane studies showed that all markers could be placed very nearly in a
plane using the surface anatomy of the heart as a guide to implantation.
Implantation of markers required approximately two minutes. No
intraoperative or postoperative complications ascribable to the markers
have occurred. They remain firmly in place and allow acquisition of a
noninvasive ventriculogram at any time after surgery. The dynamic geometry
of the left ventricle was determined by analysis of cineradiograms of these
markers. Utilization of a single- plane (right anterior oblique)
cineradiogram to obtain measurements of major transverse ventricular
diameters, mean circumferential shortening, and circumferential shortening
velocity results in underestimation of lenghts by 1.4%, overestimation of
shortening by 1.2% of end-diastolic length, and overestimation of velocity
by 0.05 circ/sec, when compared with values obtained simultaneously from
biplane cineradiograms.
ARTICLES
Measurement of midwall myocardial dynamics in intact man by radiography of surgically implanted markers
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