Circulation, Vol 59, 623-632, Copyright © 1979 by American Heart Association
DD Savage, JI Drayer, WL Henry, EC Mathews Jr, JH Ware, JM Gardin, ER Cohen, SE Epstein and JH Laragh
Cardiovascular complications are a major source of morbidity and mortality
in hypertensive patients. To assess the prevalence of anatomic and
functional abnormalities of the heart in such patients, we studied 234
asymptomatic subjects with mild-to-moderate systemic hypertension by
echocardiography. After adjusting the echocardiographic values for age and
body surface area, we found abnormally increased ventricular septal and/or
posterobasal free-wall thickness in 61% of the hypertensive subjects. We
found increased left atrial, aortic root, and left ventricular internal
dimension (at end-diastole) in 5-7%, and decreased mitral valve closing
velocity (E-F slope) and left ventricular ejection fraction were noted in
six and 15% of the subjects, respectively. Four percent of the patients had
disproportionate septal thickening (i.e., ventricular septal-to-left
ventricular free-wall thickness ratio greater than or equal to 1.3). In
contrast to the high prevalence of cardiac abnormalities detected by
echocardiography, less than 10% of the hypertensive subjects had abnormal
12-lead ECGs or abnormal chest x-rays. These findings demonstrate a high
prevalence of cardiac abnormalities in a population of asymptomatic
hypertensive subjects. These abnormalities can be detected by
echocardiography before they are otherwise apparent.
ARTICLES
Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac anatomy and function in hypertensive subjects
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