This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Robertson, D. Articles by Oates, J. A. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Robertson, D. Articles by Oates, J. A. Pubmed/NCBI databases Compound via MeSH Substance via MeSH Hazardous Substances DB CAFFEINE EPINEPHRINE

Circulation, Vol 59, 637-643, Copyright © 1979 by American Heart Association

ARTICLES

Comparative assessment of stimuli that release neuronal and adrenomedullary catecholamines in man

D Robertson, GA Johnson, RM Robertson, AS Nies, DG Shand and JA Oates

We assessed the release of neuronal and adrenomedullary catecholamines in response to various stimuli of the sympathetic nervous system in normal subjects. Plasma catecholamines and their urinary metabolites, normetanephrine and metanephrine, were measured. Sodium restriction increased supine plasma norepinephrine by 37% and ambulatory plasma norepinephrine by 22%, with urinary normetanephrine excretion increased 29%. The sodium restriction did not elevate plasma epinephrine or urinary metanephrine. The most potent stimuli of norepinephrine were treadmill exercise, orthostasis, caffeine, the cold pressor test, sodium restriction and handgrip exercise, in descending order. Plasma epinephrine was increased by caffeine, treadmill exercise, the cold pressor test, handgrip exercise and the Valsalva maneuver, in that order. Syncope resulted in profound changes in plasma epinephrine but only modest changes in plasma norepinephrine. We conclude that in man, there is frequent dissociation between the effects of different stimuli on neuronal and adrenomedullary catecholamine release.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. K. Lahiri, P. J. Kannankeril, and J. J. Goldberger Assessment of autonomic function in cardiovascular disease: physiological basis and prognostic implications. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 6, 2008; 51(18): 1725 - 1733. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P-H Huang, H-B Leu, J-W Chen, T-C Wu, T-M Lu, Y-A Ding, and S-J Lin Comparison of endothelial vasodilator function, inflammatory markers, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in patients with or without chronotropic incompetence to exercise test Heart, May 1, 2006; 92(5): 609 - 614. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Taneja, A. Diedrich, B. K. Black, D. W. Byrne, S. Y. Paranjape, and D. Robertson Modafinil Elicits Sympathomedullary Activation Hypertension, April 1, 2005; 45(4): 612 - 618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. R. Keller, A. Diedrich, M. Appalsamy, S. Tuntrakool, S. Lonce, C. Finney, M. G. Caron, and D. Robertson Norepinephrine Transporter-Deficient Mice Exhibit Excessive Tachycardia and Elevated Blood Pressure With Wakefulness and Activity Circulation, September 7, 2004; 110(10): 1191 - 1196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Gellman, J. M. Hare, C. J. Lowenstein, G. Gerstenblith, V. Coombs, P. Langenberg, J. A. Brinker, and J. R. Resar L-Arginine Ameliorates the Abnormal Sympathetic Response of the Dysfunctional Human Coronary Microvasculature Angiology, January 1, 2004; 55(1): 1 - 8. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. Nitenberg, P. Valensi, R. Sachs, E. Cosson, J.-R. Attali, and I. Antony Prognostic Value of Epicardial Coronary Artery Constriction to the Cold Pressor Test in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Angiographically Normal Coronary Arteries and No Other Major Coronary Risk Factors Diabetes Care, January 1, 2004; 27(1): 208 - 215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Cavaliere, M. Antonelli, A. Arcangeli, G. Conti, R. Costa, M. A. Pennisi, and R. Proietti A low-dose remifentanil infusion is well tolerated for sedation in mechanically ventilated, critically-ill patients: [La perfusion d'une faible dose de remifentanil est bien toleree comme sedation chez des malades gravement atteints, ventiles mecaniquement] Can J Anesth, December 1, 2002; 49(10): 1088 - 1094. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Nitenberg, S. Ledoux, P. Valensi, R. Sachs, and I. Antony Coronary Microvascular Adaptation to Myocardial Metabolic Demand Can Be Restored by Inhibition of Iron-Catalyzed Formation of Oxygen Free Radicals in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Diabetes, March 1, 2002; 51(3): 813 - 818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Nitenberg, S. Ledoux, P. Valensi, R. Sachs, J.-R. Attali, and I. Antony Impairment of Coronary Microvascular Dilation in Response to Cold Pressor-Induced Sympathetic Stimulation in Type 2 Diabetic Patients With Abnormal Stress Thallium Imaging Diabetes, May 1, 2001; 50(5): 1180 - 1185. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				D. Chemla, E. Aptecar, J.-L. Hebert, C. Coirault, D. Loisance, Y. Lecarpentier, and A. Nitenberg Short-term variability of pulse pressure and systolic and diastolic time in heart transplant recipients Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2000; 279(1): H122 - H129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Jeserich, T. Schindler, M. Olschewski, M. Unmussig, H. Just, and U. Solzbach Vitamin C improves endothelial function of epicardial coronary arteries in patients with hypercholesterolaemia or essential hypertension--assessed by cold pressor testing Eur. Heart J., November 2, 1999; 20(22): 1676 - 1680. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S. R. Dager, M. E. Layton, W. Strauss, T. L. Richards, A. Heide, S. D. Friedman, A. A. Artru, C. E. Hayes, and S. Posse Human Brain Metabolic Response to Caffeine and the Effects of Tolerance Am J Psychiatry, February 1, 1999; 156(2): 229 - 237. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				S. Kikushima, Y. Kobayashi, H. Nakagawa, and T. Katagiri Triggering mechanism for neurally mediated syncope induced by head-up tilt test: Role of catecholamines and response to propranolol J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., February 1, 1999; 33(2): 350 - 357. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Ikarugi, T. Taka, S. Nakajima, T. Noguchi, S. Watanabe, Y. Sasaki, S. Haga, T. Ueda, J. Seki, and J. Yamamoto Norepinephrine, but not epinephrine, enhances platelet reactivity and coagulation after exercise in humans J Appl Physiol, January 1, 1999; 86(1): 133 - 138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Furlan, S. Piazza, S. Dell'Orto, F. Barbic, A. Bianchi, L. Mainardi, S. Cerutti, M. Pagani, and A. Malliani Cardiac Autonomic Patterns Preceding Occasional Vasovagal Reactions in Healthy Humans Circulation, October 27, 1998; 98(17): 1756 - 1761. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Pacak, M. Palkovits, G. Yadid, R. Kvetnansky, I. J. Kopin, and D. S. Goldstein Heterogeneous neurochemical responses to different stressors: a test of Selye's doctrine of nonspecificity Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, October 1, 1998; 275(4): R1247 - R1255. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Nitenberg, F. Paycha, S. Ledoux, R. Sachs, J.-R. Attali, and P. Valensi Coronary Artery Responses to Physiological Stimuli Are Improved by Deferoxamine but not by L-Arginine in Non–Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Patients With Angiographically Normal Coronary Arteries and No Other Risk Factors Circulation, March 3, 1998; 97(8): 736 - 743. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Jacob, A. C. Ertl, J. R. Shannon, R. Furlan, R. M. Robertson, and D. Robertson Effect of standing on neurohumoral responses and plasma volume in healthy subjects J Appl Physiol, March 1, 1998; 84(3): 914 - 921. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Buemi, A. Allegra, C. Aloisi, F. Corica, A. Alonci, A. Ruello, G. Montalto, and N. Frisina Cold Pressor Test Raises Serum Concentrations of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-Selectin in Normotensive and Hypertensive Patients Hypertension, October 1, 1997; 30(4): 845 - 847. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. Sudhir, A. Forman, S.-L. Yi, J. Sorof, O. Schmidlin, A. Sebastian, and R. C. Morris Jr Reduced Dietary Potassium Reversibly Enhances Vasopressor Response to Stress in African Americans Hypertension, May 1, 1997; 29(5): 1083 - 1090. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				K. F. Kofoed, J. Czernin, J. Johnson, J. Kobashigawa, M. E. Phelps, H. Laks, and H. R. Schelbert Effects of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy on Myocardial Blood Flow, Vasodilatory Capacity, and Coronary Vasomotion Circulation, February 4, 1997; 95(3): 600 - 606. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				I. Antony, G. Lerebours, and A. Nitenberg Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Restores Flow-Dependent and Cold Pressor Test–Induced Dilations in Coronary Arteries of Hypertensive Patients Circulation, December 15, 1996; 94(12): 3115 - 3122. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				E. Aptecar, P. Dupouy, C. Benvenuti, J.-P. Mazzucotelli, E. Teiger, H. Geschwind, A. Castaigne, D. Loisance, and J.-L. Dubois-Rande Sympathetic Stimulation Overrides Flow-Mediated Endothelium-Dependent Epicardial Coronary Vasodilation in Transplant Patients Circulation, November 15, 1996; 94(10): 2542 - 2550. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				B. BARTON and J. M. KLEINERT The Effect of Caffeine on Digital Haemodynamics J Hand Surg Eur Vol., June 1, 1994; 19(3): 301 - 302. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D. Robertson, A. S. Hollister, I. Biaggioni, J. L. Netterville, R. Mosqueda-Garcia, and R. M. Robertson The Diagnosis and Treatment of Baroreflex Failure N. Engl. J. Med., November 11, 1993; 329(20): 1449 - 1455. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				T. J. M. Cleophas and G. J. Stapper A Pressor Effect of Noncardioselective Beta-Blockers in Mildly Hypertensive Patients During Acute Hospitalization Angiology, February 1, 1990; 41(2): 124 - 132. [Abstract] [PDF]

				T. J. M. Cleophas and F. H. W. Kauw Pressor Responses from Noncardioselective Beta-Blockers Angiology, July 1, 1988; 39(7): 587 - 596. [Abstract] [PDF]