Circulation, Vol 59, 637-643, Copyright © 1979 by American Heart Association
D Robertson, GA Johnson, RM Robertson, AS Nies, DG Shand and JA Oates
We assessed the release of neuronal and adrenomedullary catecholamines in
response to various stimuli of the sympathetic nervous system in normal
subjects. Plasma catecholamines and their urinary metabolites,
normetanephrine and metanephrine, were measured. Sodium restriction
increased supine plasma norepinephrine by 37% and ambulatory plasma
norepinephrine by 22%, with urinary normetanephrine excretion increased
29%. The sodium restriction did not elevate plasma epinephrine or urinary
metanephrine. The most potent stimuli of norepinephrine were treadmill
exercise, orthostasis, caffeine, the cold pressor test, sodium restriction
and handgrip exercise, in descending order. Plasma epinephrine was
increased by caffeine, treadmill exercise, the cold pressor test, handgrip
exercise and the Valsalva maneuver, in that order. Syncope resulted in
profound changes in plasma epinephrine but only modest changes in plasma
norepinephrine. We conclude that in man, there is frequent dissociation
between the effects of different stimuli on neuronal and adrenomedullary
catecholamine release.
ARTICLES
Comparative assessment of stimuli that release neuronal and adrenomedullary catecholamines in man
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