Circulation, Vol 60, 91-100, Copyright © 1979 by American Heart Association
W Bommer, L Weinert, A Neumann, J Neef, DT Mason and A DeMaria
No data are available on determining right atrial and right ventricular
size by two-dimensional echocardiography. We performed two-dimensional
echocardiograms on eight human right-heart casts obtained at autopsy and on
50 patients who underwent complete left- and right-heart catheterization.
Measurement of individual dimensions of the long and short axes of the
right atrium and ventricle from right heart casts closely correlated with
the volume of these structures as determined by water displacement.
Further, individual dimensions by cross-sectional echo correlated well with
actual casts dimensions. Subsequently, echocardiographic measurements of
right atrial and ventricular long and short axes were obtained in the
apical four-chambered view in a group of normals and compared with a group
of patients with right ventricular volume overload states. Mean values for
right atrial short-axis and long-axis measurements were greater in right
ventricular volume overload patients than in normals: 6.5 +/- 0.3 vs 3.6
+/- 0.1 cm, and 6.0 +/- 0.3 vs 4.2 +/- 0.1 cm, respectively (both p less
than 0.001). In addition, measurements of both individual dimensions as
well as planed area of the right ventricle were greater in right
ventricular volume overload patients than in normals: maximal short axis
6.1 +/- 0.3 vs 3.5 +/- 0.2 cm, mid-short axis 6.1 %/- 0.4 vs 2.8 +/- 0.2
cm, and area 40 +/- 2.6 vs 18 +/- 1.2 cm2 (all p less than 0.001). There
were no differences in right ventricular long-axis measurement. Two-
dimensional echocardiography provided better separation of normals from
right ventricular volume overload patients than did M-mode techniques.
Thus, two-dimensional echocardiography, with the apical four-chambered
view, enables accurate visualization of the right atrium and ventricle in
almost all patients. Futher, measurements of right atrial and right
ventricular size by two-dimensional echocardiography readily distinguish
normal patients from those with right ventricular volume overload.
ARTICLES
Determination of right atrial and right ventricular size by two- dimensional echocardiography
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