Circulation, Vol 69, 1036-1047, Copyright © 1984 by American Heart Association
PA Boyden, LP Tilley, A Albala, SK Liu, JJ Fenoglio Jr and AL Wit
The cellular electrophysiologic and structural characteristics of
arrhythmic and non-arrhythmic atria isolated from feline hearts with
spontaneously occurring cardiomyopathy were studied. The animals were
divided into three groups according to the degree of left atrial
enlargement: mild (group I), moderate (group II), and severe (group III).
The right atria were of relatively normal size. Microelectrode recordings
showed that inexcitable cells were present in both left and right atria of
all groups but were most numerous in the left atria of group III animals.
Most inexcitable cells had low resting membrane potentials. There was also
a significant reduction in resting membrane potentials, maximum rate of
phase 0 depolarization, and action potential amplitude of excitable cells
in left atria of animals in groups II and III, whereas action potentials of
excitable cells in the right atria were normal. Acetylcholine or
norepinephrine often restored excitability to cells that originally did not
generate action potentials. Norepinephrine also caused slow-response action
potentials as well as abnormal automaticity and triggered activity due to
delayed afterpotentials. The diseased atria showed marked structural
abnormalities, which were most pronounced in group III cats, including
large amounts of interstitial fibrosis, cellular hypertrophy and
degeneration, and thickened basement membranes. Therefore
electrophysiologic abnormalities and concurrent changes in cell structure
may be involved in the genesis of atrial tachyarrhythmias caused by
cardiomyopathy.
ARTICLES
Mechanisms for atrial arrhythmias associated with cardiomyopathy: a study of feline hearts with primary myocardial disease
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