Circulation, Vol 70, 812-823, Copyright © 1984 by American Heart Association
J Baan, ET van der Velde, HG de Bruin, GJ Smeenk, J Koops, AD van Dijk, D Temmerman, J Senden and B Buis
An eight-electrode conductance catheter previously developed by us and used
to determine stroke volume in dogs was applied in human beings and dogs to
measure absolute left ventricular volume quantitatively. For calibration we
developed the formula V(t) = (1/alpha)(L2/sigma b)G(t) - Vc, where V(t) is
time-varying left ventricular volume, alpha is a dimensionless constant, L
is the electrode separation, sigma b is the conductivity of blood obtained
by a sampling cuvette, and G(t) is the measured conductance within the left
ventricular cavity. Vc is a correction term caused by the parallel
conductance of structures surrounding the cavity and is measured in two
ways. The first method, applicable in the anesthetized animal, consists of
temporary reduction of volume to zero by suction. The second method uses a
transient change in sigma b by injection of a small bolus of hypertonic
saline (dogs) or 10 ml of cold glucose (humans) into the pulmonary artery.
The validity of the formula was previously established for the isolated
postmortem canine heart. The predicted linearity, slope constant alpha, and
accuracy of Vc for the left ventricle in vivo were investigated by
comparing the conductance volume data with results from independent
methods: electromagnetic blood flow measurement for stroke volume and
indicator dilution technique for ejection fraction (dogs), thermal dilution
for cardiac output (12 patients), and single-plane cineventriculography for
V(t) (five patients). In all comparisons, linear regression showed high
correlation (from r = .82 [n = 46] to r = .988 [n = 20]) while alpha, with
one exception, ranged from 0.75 to 1.07 and the error in Vc ranged from
0.5% to 16.5% (mean 7%). After positioning of the catheter, no arrhythmias
were observed. It is concluded that the conductance catheter provides a
reliable and simple method to measure left ventricular volume, giving an
on-line, time- varying signal that is easily calibrated. Together with left
ventricular pressure obtained through the catheter lumen, the instrument
may be used for instantaneous display of pressure-volume loops to
facilitate assessment of left ventricular pump performance.
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Continuous measurement of left ventricular volume in animals and humans by conductance catheter
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P. Steendijk, S. A. F. Tulner, J. J. Schreuder, J. J. Bax, L. van Erven, E. E. van der Wall, R. A. E. Dion, M. J. Schalij, and J. Baan Quantification of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony by conductance catheter in heart failure patients Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2004; 286(2): H723 - H730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Syuu, H. Matsubara, S. Hosogi, and H. Suga Pressor effect of electroacupuncture on hemorrhagic hypotension Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, December 1, 2003; 285(6): R1446 - R1452. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. J. Pilla, A. S. Blom, D. J. Brockman, V. A. Ferrari, Q. Yuan, and M. A. Acker Passive ventricular constraint to improve left ventricular function and mechanics in an ovine model of heart failure secondary to acute myocardial infarction J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., November 1, 2003; 126(5): 1467 - 1475. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Ohtsuka, K. Ishikawa, S. Suzuki, I. Yamaguchi, N. Masuda, K. Wada, and W. Uchid A porcine model of ischemic heart failure produced by chronic placement of a tube in a coronary artery Eur J Heart Fail, October 1, 2003; 5(5): 591 - 598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. H. D. Danton, G. F. Greil, J. G. Byrne, M. Hsin, L. Cohn, and S. E. Maier Right ventricular volume measurement by conductance catheter Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2003; 285(4): H1774 - H1785. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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X. A. A. M. Verbeek, K. Vernooy, M. Peschar, R. N. M. Cornelussen, and F. W. Prinzen Intra-ventricular resynchronization for optimal left ventricular function during pacing in experimental left bundle branch block J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 6, 2003; 42(3): 558 - 567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Reyes, G. L. Freeman, D. Escobedo, S. Lee, M. E. Steinhelper, and M. D. Feldman Enhancement of Contractility With Sustained Afterload in the Intact Murine Heart: Blunting of Length-Dependent Activation Circulation, June 17, 2003; 107(23): 2962 - 2968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. G. Rabkin, S. E. Cabreriza, J. C. LaCorte, A. D. Weinberg, L. Coku, R. Walsh, R. Mosca, and H. M. Spotnitz Sodium-hydrogen exchange inhibition preserves ventricular function after ventricular fibrillation in the intact swine heart J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., June 1, 2003; 125(6): 1499 - 1509. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Dekker, K. Reesink, E. van der Veen, V. van Ommen, G. Geskes, C. Soemers, and J. Maessen Efficacy of a New Intraaortic Propeller Pump vs the Intraaortic Balloon Pump: An Animal Study Chest, June 1, 2003; 123(6): 2089 - 2095. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Segers, V. Tchana-Sato, H. A. Leather, B. Lambermont, A. Ghuysen, J.-M. Dogne, P. Benoit, P. Morimont, P. F. Wouters, P. Verdonck, et al. Determinants of left ventricular preload-adjusted maximal power Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2003; 284(6): H2295 - H2301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Steensrud, D. Nordhaug, O.P. Elvenes, C. Korvald, and D.G. Sorlie Superior myocardial protection with nicorandil cardioplegia Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., May 1, 2003; 23(5): 670 - 677. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. Al Attar, C. Carrion, S. Ghostine, I. Garcin, J.-T. Vilquin, A. A. Hagege, and P. Menasche Long-term (1 year) functional and histological results of autologous skeletal muscle cells transplantation in rat Cardiovasc Res, April 1, 2003; 58(1): 142 - 148. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. P. J. Leeuwenburgh, W. A. Helbing, P. Steendijk, P. H. Schoof, and J. Baan Effects of acute left ventricular unloading on right ventricular function in normal and chronic right ventricular pressure-overloaded lambs J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., March 1, 2003; 125(3): 481 - 490. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Nemoto, G. DeFreitas, D. L. Mann, and B. A. Carabello Effects of changes in left ventricular contractility on indexes of contractility in mice Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2002; 283(6): H2504 - H2510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. Torracca, J. J. Schreuder, A. Quarti, G. Ismeno, V. Franze, and O. Alfieri Acute effects of beating heart coronary surgery on left ventricular performance Ann. Thorac. Surg., October 1, 2002; 74(4): S1348 - 1352. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. A. Leather, P. Segers, Y.-Y. Sun, H. A. De Ruyter, E. Vandermeersch, and P. F. Wouters The Limitations of Preload-Adjusted Maximal Power as an Index of Right Ventricular Contractility Anesth. Analg., October 1, 2002; 95(4): 798 - 804. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Segers, H. A. Leather, P. Verdonck, Y.-Y. Sun, and P. F. Wouters Preload-adjusted maximal power of right ventricle: contribution of end-systolic P-V relation intercept Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2002; 283(4): H1681 - H1687. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Ramanathan, K. Shirota, S. Morita, T. Nishimura, Y. Huang, X. Zheng, and S. Hunyor Left ventricular oxygen utilization efficiency is impaired in chronic streptozotocin-diabetic sheep Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2002; 55(4): 749 - 756. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Tanoue, P. Herijgers, B. Meuris, E. Verbeken, V. Leunens, M. Lox, and W. Flameng Ischemic preconditioning reduces unloaded myocardial oxygen consumption in an in-vivo sheep model* Cardiovasc Res, August 15, 2002; 55(3): 633 - 641. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Bolotin, R. Lorusso, J. J. Schreuder, H. G. Kaulbach, G. Uretzky, and F. H. van der Veen Effects of acute dynamic cardiomyoplasty in a goat model of chronic ventricular dilatation: part 1 Ann. Thorac. Surg., August 1, 2002; 74(2): 507 - 513. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. G. Kaulbach, R. Lorusso, G. Bolotin, J. J. Schreuder, and F. H. van der Veen Effects of chronic cardiomyoplasty on ventricular remodeling in a goat model of chronic cardiac dilatation: part 2 Ann. Thorac. Surg., August 1, 2002; 74(2): 514 - 521. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Nordhaug, T. Steensrud, C. Korvald, E. Aghajani, and T. Myrmel Preserved myocardial energetics in acute ischemic left ventricular failure - studies in an experimental pig model Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., July 1, 2002; 22(1): 135 - 142. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. P. Strum and M. R. Pinsky Does Dobutamine Improve Ventricular Function in Dogs with Regional Myocardial Dysfunction? Anesth. Analg., July 1, 2002; 95(1): 19 - 25. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Nozaki, H. Kitahata, K. Tanaka, S. Kawahito, and S. Oshita The Effects of Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution on Left Ventricular Systolic and Diastolic Function in the Absence or Presence of {beta}-Adrenergic Blockade in Dogs Anesth. Analg., May 1, 2002; 94(5): 1120 - 1126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Broome, M. Haney, B. Osterlund, S. Haggmark, G. Johansson, and B. Biber The Cardiac Effects of Intracoronary Angiotensin II Infusion Anesth. Analg., April 1, 2002; 94(4): 787 - 793. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Ramanathan, K. Shirota, S. Morita, T. Nishimura, Y. Huang, and S. N. Hunyor Glucose-insulin-potassium solution improves left ventricular mechanics in diabetes Ann. Thorac. Surg., February 1, 2002; 73(2): 582 - 587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. E. Lewis, A.-H. Al-Khalidi, J. N. Townend, J. Coote, and R. S. Bonser The effects of hypothermia on human left ventricular contractile function during cardiac surgery J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 2, 2002; 39(1): 102 - 108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. A. Eucker, J. Lisauskas, M. R. Courtois, and S. J. Kovacs Analysis of left ventricular hemodynamics in physiological hyperspace J Appl Physiol, January 1, 2002; 92(1): 323 - 330. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. Korvald, O. P. Elvenes, E. Aghajani, E. S. P. Myhre, and T. Myrmel Postischemic mechanoenergetic inefficiency is related to contractile dysfunction and not altered metabolism Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2001; 281(6): H2645 - H2653. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. P. J. Leeuwenburgh, W. A. Helbing, P. Steendijk, P. H. Schoof, and J. Baan Biventricular systolic function in young lambs subject to chronic systemic right ventricular pressure overload Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2001; 281(6): H2697 - H2704. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. K.F. Hon, P. Steendijk, M. Petrou, K. Wong, and M. H. Yacoub Influence of clenbuterol treatment during six weeks of chronic right ventricular pressure overload as studied with pressure-volume analysis J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., October 1, 2001; 122(4): 767 - 774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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