Determination of left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationships by the conductance (volume) catheter technique

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Circulation. 1986;73:586-595

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Determination of left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationships by the conductance (volume) catheter technique

DA Kass, T Yamazaki, D Burkhoff, WL Maughan and K Sagawa

Using a multielectrode conductance catheter to estimate continuous left ventricular volume we determined the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR) in situ in open-chest anesthetized dogs. Dogs (n = 8) were studied in the control state and after pharmacologic sympathectomy (hexamethonium) and surgical vagotomy both before and after the administration of dobutamine. ESPVR was measured during brief (5 to 6 sec) preload reduction by balloon occlusion of the inferior vena cava (IVCBO). The relationship was highly reproducible. The slope (Ecs) and volume intercept (Vo) (mean +/- SD) in the control series were 5.8 +/- 3.6 mm Hg/ml and 6.5 +/- 12.5 ml, respectively. Upon release of the IVCBO (preload recovery), Ecs was 7.7 +/- 3.6 mm Hg/ml and Vo was 12.4 +/- 9.6 ml (p less than .01). Autonomic blockade produced a 50% reduction in Ecs and a concomitant decrease in Vo (p less than .01), and eliminated the difference between ESPVR generated by preload reduction (IVCBO) and preload recovery (IVCBO release). Subsequent dobutamine infusion increased Ecs to 6.1 +/- 3.5 mm Hg/ml and Vo to 4.1 +/- 6.9 ml, consistent with reported changes of the ESPVR with positive inotropic intervention. A small artifact of right ventricular filling was observed in the left ventricular volume catheter signal, but this did not appreciably alter the ESPVR. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the determination of ESPVR in situ by the conductance catheter and brief IVCBO and underline the importance of the use of rapid load changes to minimize reflex activation during the measurements.

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				M. Cannesson, D. Jacques, M. R. Pinsky, and J. Gorcsan III Effects of modulation of left ventricular contractile state and loading conditions on tissue Doppler myocardial performance index Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2006; 290(5): H1952 - H1959. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Disruption of the ventricular myocardial force-frequency relationship after cardiac surgery in children: noninvasive assessment by means of tissue Doppler imaging. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., March 1, 2006; 131(3): 625 - 631.

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				D. J. Grieve, A. C. Cave, J. A. Byrne, J. Layland, and A. M. Shah Analysis of ex vivo left ventricular pressure-volume relations in the isolated murine ejecting heart Exp Physiol, September 1, 2004; 89(5): 573 - 582. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Steendijk, S. A.F. Tulner, M. Wiemer, R. A. Bleasdale, J. J. Bax, E. E. van der Wall, J. Vogt, and M. J. Schalij Pressure-volume measurements by conductance catheter during cardiac resynchronization therapy Eur. Heart J. Suppl., August 1, 2004; 6(suppl_D): D35 - D42. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Tao and E. R. Sherwood {beta}2-Microglobulin knockout mice treated with anti-asialoGM1 exhibit improved hemodynamics and cardiac contractile function during acute intra-abdominal sepsis Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, March 1, 2004; 286(3): R569 - R575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. J. Pilla, A. S. Blom, D. J. Brockman, V. A. Ferrari, Q. Yuan, and M. A. Acker Passive ventricular constraint to improve left ventricular function and mechanics in an ovine model of heart failure secondary to acute myocardial infarction J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., November 1, 2003; 126(5): 1467 - 1475. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. N. Simantirakis, G. E. Kochiadakis, K. E. Vardakis, N. E. Igoumenidis, S. I. Chrysostomakis, and P. E. Vardas Left Ventricular Mechanics and Myocardial Blood Flow Following Restoration of Normal Activation Sequence in Paced Patients With Long-term Right Ventricular Apical Stimulation Chest, July 1, 2003; 124(1): 233 - 241. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Segers, V. Tchana-Sato, H. A. Leather, B. Lambermont, A. Ghuysen, J.-M. Dogne, P. Benoit, P. Morimont, P. F. Wouters, P. Verdonck, et al. Determinants of left ventricular preload-adjusted maximal power Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2003; 284(6): H2295 - H2301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Nozaki, H. Kitahata, K. Tanaka, S. Kawahito, and S. Oshita The Effects of Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution on Left Ventricular Systolic and Diastolic Function in the Absence or Presence of {beta}-Adrenergic Blockade in Dogs Anesth. Analg., May 1, 2002; 94(5): 1120 - 1126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Senzaki, C.-H. Chen, S. Masutani, M. Taketazu, J. Kobayashi, T. Kobayashi, N. Sasaki, H. Asano, S. Kyo, and Y. Yokote Assessment of cardiovascular dynamics by pressure-area relations in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., September 1, 2001; 122(3): 535 - 547. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Kornet, J.J. Schreuder, E.T. van der Velde, and J.R.C. Jansen The volume-dependency of parallel conductance throughout the cardiac cycle and its consequence for volume estimation of the left ventricle in patients Cardiovasc Res, September 1, 2001; 51(4): 729 - 735. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Steendijk, E. Staal, J. W. Jukema, and J. Baan Hypertonic saline method accurately determines parallel conductance for dual-field conductance catheter Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2001; 281(2): H755 - H763. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Y. Denault, J. Gorcsan III, and M. R. Pinsky Dynamic effects of positive-pressure ventilation on canine left ventricular pressure-volume relations J Appl Physiol, July 1, 2001; 91(1): 298 - 308. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Suehiro, J. Shimizu, G.-H. Yi, S.-M. Zhu, A. Gu, R. R. Sciacca, J. Wang, and D. Burkhoff Direct coronary artery perfusion from the left ventricle J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., February 1, 2001; 121(2): 0307 - 315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. S Hayward, W. V Kalnins, and R. P Kelly Gender-related differences in left ventricular chamber function Cardiovasc Res, February 1, 2001; 49(2): 340 - 350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. F. Leite-Moreira and J. Correia-Pinto Load as an acute determinant of end-diastolic pressure-volume relation Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2001; 280(1): H51 - H59. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L Kornet, J.J Schreuder, E.T van der Velde, J Baan, and J.R.C Jansen A new approach to determine parallel conductance for left ventricular volume measurements Cardiovasc Res, December 1, 2000; 48(3): 455 - 463. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. S. Hayward, W. V. Kalnins, and R. P. Kelly Acute effects of 17beta -estradiol on ventricular and vascular hemodynamics in postmenopausal women Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2000; 279(5): H2277 - H2284. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Shishido, K. Hayashi, K. Shigemi, T. Sato, M. Sugimachi, and K. Sunagawa Single-Beat Estimation of End-Systolic Elastance Using Bilinearly Approximated Time-Varying Elastance Curve Circulation, October 17, 2000; 102(16): 1983 - 1989. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. D. Feldman, Y. Mao, J. W. Valvano, J. A. Pearce, and G. L. Freeman Development of a multifrequency conductance catheter-based system to determine LV function in mice Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2000; 279(3): H1411 - H1420. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Georgakopoulos and D. A. Kass Estimation of parallel conductance by dual-frequency conductance catheter in mice Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2000; 279(1): H443 - H450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				O. P. Elvenes, C. Korvald, L. M. Ytrebo, O. Irtun, T. Myrmel, T. S. Larsen, and D. Sorlie Myocardial metabolism and efficiency after warm continuous blood cardioplegia Ann. Thorac. Surg., June 1, 2000; 69(6): 1799 - 1805. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. J. Patel, J. J. Pilla, D. J. Polidori, S. V. Pusca, T. A. Plappert, M. S. J. Sutton, E. B. Lankford, and M. A. Acker TEN WEEKS OF RAPID VENTRICULAR PACING CREATES A LONG-TERM MODEL OF LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., April 1, 2000; 119(4): 834 - 841. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Korvald, O. P. Elvenes, and T. Myrmel Myocardial substrate metabolism influences left ventricular energetics in vivo Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2000; 278(4): H1345 - H1351. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Baretti, A. Mizuno, G. D. Buckberg, and J. S. Child Batista procedure: elliptical modeling against spherical distention Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., January 1, 2000; 17(1): 52 - 57. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Yang, D. F. Larson, and R. Watson Age-related left ventricular function in the mouse: analysis based on in vivo pressure-volume relationships Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 1999; 277(5): H1906 - H1913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]