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Circulation, Vol 74, 1399-1406, Copyright © 1986 by American Heart Association
P Pignoli, E Tremoli, A Poli, P Oreste and R Paoletti
A study in vitro of specimens of human aortic and common carotid arteries
was carried out to determine the feasibility of direct measurement (i.e.,
not from residual lumen) of arterial wall thickness with B mode real-time
imaging. Measurements in vivo by the same technique were also obtained from
common carotid arteries of 10 young normal male subjects. Aortic samples
were classified as class A (relatively normal) or class B (with one or more
atherosclerotic plaques). In all class A and 85% of class B arterial
samples a characteristic B mode image composed of two parallel echogenic
lines separated by a hypoechoic space was found. The distance between the
two lines (B mode image of intimal + medial thickness) was measured and
correlated with the thickness of different combinations of tunicae
evaluated by gross and microscopic examination. On the basis of these
findings and the results of dissection experiments on the intima and
adventitia we concluded that results of B mode imaging of intimal + medial
thickness did not differ significantly from the intimal + medial thickness
measured on pathologic examination. With respect to the accuracy of
measurements obtained by B mode imaging as compared with pathologic
findings, we found an error of less than 20% for measurements in 77% of
normal and pathologic aortic walls. In addition, no significant difference
was found between B mode-determined intimal + medial thickness in the
common carotid arteries evaluated in vitro and that determined by this
method in vivo in young subjects, indicating that B mode imaging represents
a useful approach for the measurement of intimal + medial thickness of
human arteries in vivo.
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Intimal plus medial thickness of the arterial wall: a direct measurement with ultrasound imaging
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