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Circulation. 1990;81:491-497

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Circulation, Vol 81, 491-497, Copyright © 1990 by American Heart Association


ARTICLES

Coronary vasomotor response to acetylcholine relates to risk factors for coronary artery disease

JA Vita, CB Treasure, EG Nabel, JM McLenachan, RD Fish, AC Yeung, VI Vekshtein, AP Selwyn and P Ganz
Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.

In animals, acetylcholine dilates normal arteries and produces vasoconstriction in the presence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, or atherosclerosis, reflecting endothelial cell dysfunction. In patients with angiographically smooth coronary arteries, acetylcholine has been reported to produce both vasodilation and constriction. To test the hypothesis that the acetylcholine response relates to risk factors for coronary artery disease, acetylcholine 10(-8) to 10(-6) M was infused into the left anterior descending or circumflex coronary artery, and diameter changes were assessed with quantitative angiography in 34 patients with angiographically smooth coronary arteries. The acetylcholine response ranged from +37% (dilation) to - 53% (constriction) at the peak acetylcholine dose. All coronary arteries dilated in response to nitroglycerin (26 +/- 17%), suggesting an abnormality of endothelial function in the patients with a constrictor response to acetylcholine. By multiple stepwise regression analysis, serum cholesterol (p less than 0.01), male gender (p less than 0.001), family history (p less than 0.05), age (p less than 0.05), cholesterol level (p less than 0.01), and total number of risk factors (p less than 0.0001) were independently associated with the acetylcholine response. Thus, coronary risk factors are associated with loss of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. The development of vasoconstriction is likely to be an abnormality of endothelial function that precedes atherosclerosis or an early marker of atherosclerosis not detectable by angiography.


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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
K. Bates, C. E. Ruggeroli, S. Goldman, and M. A. Gaballa
Simvastatin restores endothelial NO-mediated vasorelaxation in large arteries after myocardial infarction
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): H768 - H775.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
J. A. Vita and J. Loscalzo
Shouldering the Risk Factor Burden: Infection, Atherosclerosis, and the Vascular Endothelium
Circulation, July 9, 2002; 106(2): 164 - 166.
[Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
E. D. Aymong, M. J. Curtis, M. Youssef, M. M. Graham, L. Shewchuk, W. Leschuk, and T. J. Anderson
Abciximab Attenuates Coronary Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction After Coronary Stenting
Circulation, June 25, 2002; 105(25): 2981 - 2985.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone SystemHome page
J. R Chiong and A. B Miller
Review: Renin-angiotensin system antagonism and lipid-lowering therapy in cardiovascular risk management
Journal of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, June 1, 2002; 3(2): 96 - 102.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
W. Maier, S. Windecker, A. Kung, R. Lutolf, F. R. Eberli, B. Meier, and O. M. Hess
Exercise-Induced Coronary Artery Vasodilation Is Not Impaired by Stent Placement
Circulation, May 21, 2002; 105(20): 2373 - 2377.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
J. L. Houghton, E. F. Philbin, D. S. Strogatz, M. T. Torosoff, S. A. Fein, P. A. Kuhner, V. E. Smith, and A. A. Carr
The presence of African American race predicts improvement in coronary endothelial function after supplementary L-arginine
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 17, 2002; 39(8): 1314 - 1322.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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HeartHome page
Y Fukuda, H Teragawa, K Matsuda, T Yamagata, H Matsuura, and K Chayama
Tetrahydrobiopterin restores endothelial function of coronary arteries in patients with hypercholesterolaemia
Heart, March 1, 2002; 87(3): 264 - 269.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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HypertensionHome page
M. Pretorius, D. A. Rosenbaum, J. Lefebvre, D. E. Vaughan, and N. J. Brown
Smoking Impairs Bradykinin-Stimulated t-PA Release
Hypertension, March 1, 2002; 39(3): 767 - 771.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Eur Heart J SupplHome page
P.M. Vanhoutte
Ageing and endothelial dysfunction
Eur. Heart J. Suppl., February 1, 2002; 4(suppl_A): A8 - A17.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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JNMHome page
S. Simula, E. Vanninen, L. Viitanen, A. Kareinen, S. Lehto, P. Pajunen, M. Syvanne, J. Kuikka, M. Laakso, and J. Hartikainen
Cardiac Adrenergic Innervation Is Affected in Asymptomatic Subjects with Very Early Stage of Coronary Artery Disease
J. Nucl. Med., January 1, 2002; 43(1): 1 - 7.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
M.C. Verhaar, E. Stroes, and T.J. Rabelink
Folates and Cardiovascular Disease
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 2002; 22(1): 6 - 13.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
I. B. Wilkinson, I. R. Hall, H. MacCallum, I. S. Mackenzie, C. M. McEniery, B. J. van der Arend, Y.-E. Shu, L. S. MacKay, D. J. Webb, and J. R. Cockcroft
Pulse-Wave Analysis: Clinical Evaluation of a Noninvasive, Widely Applicable Method for Assessing Endothelial Function
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 2002; 22(1): 147 - 152.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
J. H. Stein, C. M. Carlsson, K. Papcke-Benson, S. E. Aeschlimann, A. Bodemer, M. Carnes, and P. E. McBride
The effects of lipid-lowering and antioxidant vitamin therapies on flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery in older adults with hypercholesterolemia
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 1, 2001; 38(7): 1806 - 1813.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
N. N. Chan, H. M. Colhoun, and P. Vallance
Cardiovascular risk factors as determinants of endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vascular reactivity in the general population
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 1, 2001; 38(7): 1814 - 1820.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg.Home page
U. Lockowandt and A. Franco-Cereceda
Off-pump coronary bypass surgery causes less immediate postoperative coronary endothelial dysfunction compared to on-pump coronary bypass surgery
Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., December 1, 2001; 20(6): 1147 - 1151.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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ANGIOLOGYHome page
G. Frau
Transcutaneous PO2 Response to Transient Arterial Occlusion In Peripheral Vascular Disease Detected by Heating Power Oximeter
Angiology, December 1, 2001; 52(12): 851 - 857.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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StrokeHome page
L. V. d'Uscio, L. A. Smith, and Z. S. Katusic
Hypercholesterolemia Impairs Endothelium-Dependent Relaxations in Common Carotid Arteries of Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice
Stroke, November 1, 2001; 32(11): 2658 - 2664.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
R. S. Barua, J. A. Ambrose, L.-J. Eales-Reynolds, M. C. DeVoe, J. G. Zervas, and D. C. Saha
Dysfunctional Endothelial Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis in Healthy Smokers With Impaired Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilatation
Circulation, October 16, 2001; 104(16): 1905 - 1910.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
B. J. O'Connell and J. Genest Jr
High-Density Lipoproteins and Endothelial Function
Circulation, October 16, 2001; 104(16): 1978 - 1983.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
A. Wakatsuki, Y. Okatani, N. Ikenoue, and T. Fukaya
Effect of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate on Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Postmenopausal Women Receiving Estrogen
Circulation, October 9, 2001; 104(15): 1773 - 1778.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CLIN APPL THROMB HEMOSTHome page
P. Poredos
State-of-the-Art Review: Endothelial Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis
Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, October 1, 2001; 7(4): 276 - 280.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
G. Pompilio, G. Rossoni, F. Alamanni, P. Tartara, I. Barajon, C. Rumio, B. Manfredi, and P. Biglioli
Comparison of endothelium-dependent vasoactivity of internal mammary arteries from hypertensive, hypercholesterolemic, and diabetic patients
Ann. Thorac. Surg., October 1, 2001; 72(4): 1290 - 1297.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
S. Setoguchi, M. Mohri, H. Shimokawa, and A. Takeshita
Tetrahydrobiopterin improves endothelial dysfunction in coronary microcirculation in patients without epicardial coronary artery disease
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 1, 2001; 38(2): 493 - 498.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.Home page
A. Huang, H. Xiao, J. M. Samii, J. A. Vita, and J. F. Keaney Jr.
Contrasting effects of thiol-modulating agents on endothelial NO bioactivity
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, August 1, 2001; 281(2): C719 - C725.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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HypertensionHome page
S. Taddei, A. Virdis, L. Ghiadoni, G. Salvetti, G. Bernini, A. Magagna, and A. Salvetti
Age-Related Reduction of NO Availability and Oxidative Stress in Humans
Hypertension, August 1, 2001; 38(2): 274 - 279.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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CirculationHome page
S. J. Duffy, E. S. Biegelsen, M. Holbrook, J. D. Russell, N. Gokce, J. F. Keaney Jr, and J. A. Vita
Iron Chelation Improves Endothelial Function in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Circulation, June 12, 2001; 103(23): 2799 - 2804.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
J. Al Suwaidi, S. T. Higano, D. R. Holmes Jr., R. Lennon, and A. Lerman
Obesity is independently associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction in patients with normal or mildly diseased coronary arteries
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 1, 2001; 37(6): 1523 - 1528.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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PsychosomaticsHome page
S. Springer, A. Fife, W. Lawson, J. C.K. Hui, L. Jandorf, P. F. Cohn, and G. Fricchione
Psychosocial Effects of Enhanced External Counterpulsation in the Angina Patient: A Second Study
Psychosomatics, April 1, 2001; 42(2): 124 - 132.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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J Am Coll CardiolHome page
W. J. Kop, D. S. Krantz, R. H. Howell, M. A. Ferguson, V. Papademetriou, D. Lu, J. J. Popma, J. F. Quigley, M. Vernalis, and J. S. Gottdiener
Effects of mental stress on coronary epicardial vasomotion and flow velocity in coronary artery disease: relationship with hemodynamic stress responses
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 1, 2001; 37(5): 1359 - 1366.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
K. G. Lamping and F. M. Faraci
Role of Sex Differences and Effects of Endothelial NO Synthase Deficiency in Responses of Carotid Arteries to Serotonin
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, April 1, 2001; 21(4): 523 - 528.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]