Circulation, Vol 81, 1550-1559, Copyright © 1990 by American Heart Association
SD Flamm, J Taki, R Moore, SF Lewis, F Keech, F Maltais, M Ahmad, R Callahan, S Dragotakes and N Alpert
To determine the effect of relative exercise intensity on organ blood
volume and its relation to cardiac function, changes in relative blood
volume and cardiac function were monitored with radionuclide techniques in
14 healthy volunteers. After labeling the subject's red cells with
technetium 99m, we acquired data at rest, zero-load cycling, and at 50%,
75%, and 100% of maximal oxygen uptake. From rest to zero-load cycling, leg
blood volume decreased 32 +/- 2% (mean +/- SEM), whereas relative
end-diastolic blood volume increased 9.6 +/- 1.2%, and lung blood volume
increased 18 +/- 2%, suggesting that the lungs may act as a blood volume
buffer during periods of acutely increased venous return. With relative
increasing exercise, leg blood volume stabilized, and then the blood volume
in the abdominal organs decreased, further augmenting cardiopulmonary blood
volume; leg blood volume and abdominal blood volume decreased by 23 +/- 2%
and 19 +/- 2% from baseline, respectively, whereas thoracic blood volume
increased 38 +/- 4%. In the abdomen, large decreases in blood volume were
observed in the spleen (46 +/- 2%), kidney (24 +/- 4%), and liver (18 +/-
4%). In contrast, lung blood volume increased 50 +/- 4%, with the upper
lung fields increasing more than the lower. Blood sampling revealed an
increase in the hematocrit level by 4.3 +/- 0.4 units at peak exercise that
paralleled the decrease in splenic blood volume (r2 = -0.64, p less than
0.001), suggesting a role for the spleen in augmenting cardiovascular
performance by the release of concentrated red blood cells into general
circulation. We conclude that upright exercise results in marked blood
volume shifts from the legs and abdominal organs to the heart and lungs in
a dynamic process correlating closely with oxygen consumption.
ARTICLES
Redistribution of regional and organ blood volume and effect on cardiac function in relation to upright exercise intensity in healthy human subjects
Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
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