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Circulation, Vol 81, 1803-1810, Copyright © 1990 by American Heart Association
LA Lipsitz, J Mietus, GB Moody and AL Goldberger
Fourier analysis of heart rate (HR) may be used to characterize overall HR
variability as well as low- and high-frequency components attributable to
sympathetic and vagal influences, respectively. We analyzed HR spectral
characteristics of 12 healthy young (18-35 years) and 10 healthy old (71-94
years) subjects before and during 60 degrees head-up tilt. Total spectral
power in the 0.01-0.40-Hz frequency range and low-frequency (0.06-0.10 Hz)
and high-frequency (0.15-0.40 Hz) components of the HR power spectrum were
significantly lower in old than in young subjects in supine and upright
positions. To characterize and compare overall HR variability in young and
old subjects, we computed the regression lines relating the log amplitude
to the log frequency of the supine HR spectra (l/fx plots). The regression
lines for old subjects were lower and steeper (mean slope, -0.78 [5%, 95%
confidence limits (CL), -0.73, -0.83]) than in young (mean slope, -0.67
[CL, -0.62, -0.72]), indicating not only reduced overall spectral amplitude
but also relatively greater attenuation of high-frequency HR components in
the old subjects. This finding illustrates a novel way to quantify the loss
of autonomic influences on HR regulation as a function of age. During
postural tilt, HR variability was unchanged in the old subjects. For the
entire group of young subjects, total HR variability increased during tilt.
Six young subjects developed vasovagal syncope during tilt, enabling us to
examine differences in the HR spectra of these subjects while they were
asymptomatic before syncope.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ARTICLES
Spectral characteristics of heart rate variability before and during postural tilt. Relations to aging and risk of syncope
Hebrew Rehabilitation Center for Aged, Boston, MA 02131.
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