Circulation, Vol 81, 1860-1873, Copyright © 1990 by American Heart Association
JS Floras
In rats, atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) reduces sympathetic nerve activity
(SNA) reflexively by sensitizing cardiac mechanoreceptors with inhibitory
vagal afferents. We performed three series of experiments in 26 normal
young men to document whether ANF inhibits SNA in humans and if so, to
determine potential mechanisms for this phenomenon. First, we recorded
muscle SNA before and during brief infusions of ANF, vehicle (saline
solution), and sodium nitroprusside, titrated to achieve reductions similar
to those produced by ANF in diastolic pressure and central venous pressure,
and we also assessed the effect of ANF on sympathetic nerve responses to a
cold pressor test (CPT). Second, we determined the effect of ANF on
Doppler-derived measurements of cardiac output and responses to hypotensive
(-40 mm Hg) lower-body negative pressure (LBNP) and its sudden cessation.
Third, we applied nonhypotensive (-15 mm Hg) LBNP to selectively unload
cardiopulmonary baroreceptors, and we released LBNP to stimulate these
inhibitory afferents during sequential infusions of nitroglycerin, vehicle
(saline solution), and ANF. Our key findings were that 1) reductions in
arterial and central venous pressures during ANF infusion were not
accompanied by anticipated reflex increases in muscle SNA; 2) ANF blunted
the increase in SNA with CPT; 3) ANF increased stroke volume and cardiac
output; and 4) sympathoneural responses to both the application and the
sudden cessation of nonhypotensive LBNP were attenuated, not augmented, by
ANF. Changes in plasma norepinephrine concentrations reflected these
sympathetic nerve responses to ANF. These results do not support the
concept that ANF inhibits sympathetic outflow reflexively in humans by
increasing discharge from cardiac mechanoreceptors with inhibitory vagal
afferents but are consistent with either a central or a ganglionic
sympathoinhibitory action of ANF. ANF could facilitate hypotension and
natriuresis in humans by attenuating the reflex sympathetic response to
baroreceptor deactivation.
ARTICLES
Sympathoinhibitory effects of atrial natriuretic factor in normal humans
Division of Cardiology, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  C. F. Notarius, B. L. Morris, and J. S. Floras Dissociation between reflex sympathetic and forearm vascular responses to lower body negative pressure in heart failure patients with coronary artery disease Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2009; 297(5): H1760 - H1766. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Krabbendam, D. A. Courtar, B. J. A. Janssen, R. Aardenburg, L. L. H. Peeters, and M. E. A. Spaanderman Blunted Autonomic Response to Volume Expansion in Formerly Preeclamptic Women with Low Plasma Volume Reproductive Sciences, January 1, 2009; 16(1): 105 - 112. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Spaak, A. C. Merlocco, G. J. Soleas, G. Tomlinson, B. L. Morris, P. Picton, C. F. Notarius, C. T. Chan, and J. S. Floras Dose-related effects of red wine and alcohol on hemodynamics, sympathetic nerve activity, and arterial diameter Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, February 1, 2008; 294(2): H605 - H612. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. L. Dries, R. G. Victor, J. E. Rame, R. S. Cooper, X. Wu, X. Zhu, D. Leonard, S.-I. Ho, Q. Wu, W. Post, et al. Corin Gene Minor Allele Defined by 2 Missense Mutations Is Common in Blacks and Associated With High Blood Pressure and Hypertension Circulation, October 18, 2005; 112(16): 2403 - 2410. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Suzuki, M. Yoshimura, M. Nakayama, Y. Mizuno, E. Harada, T. Ito, S. Nakamura, K. Abe, M. Yamamuro, T. Sakamoto, et al. Plasma Level of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide as a Prognostic Marker After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Long-Term Follow-Up Analysis Circulation, September 14, 2004; 110(11): 1387 - 1391. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Kasama, T. Toyama, H. Kumakura, Y. Takayama, T. Ishikawa, S. Ichikawa, T. Suzuki, and M. Kurabayashi Effects of Intravenous Atrial Natriuretic Peptide on Cardiac Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Patients with Decompensated Congestive Heart Failure J. Nucl. Med., July 1, 2004; 45(7): 1108 - 1113. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Al-Hesayen and J. D. Parker Impaired Baroreceptor Control of Renal Sympathetic Activity in Human Chronic Heart Failure Circulation, June 15, 2004; 109(23): 2862 - 2865. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Schmitt, A. J.M. Broadley, A. K. Nightingale, N. Payne, P. Gunaruwan, J. Taylor, L. Lee, J. Cockcroft, A. D. Struthers, and M. P. Frenneaux Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Regulates Regional Vascular Volume and Venous Tone in Humans Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, October 1, 2003; 23(10): 1833 - 1838. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Herrmann-Lingen, L. Binder, M. Klinge, J. Sander, W. Schenker, B. Beyermann, D. von Lewinski, and B. Pieske High Plasma Levels of N-Terminal Pro-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Associated With Low Anxiety in Severe Heart Failure Psychosom Med, July 1, 2003; 65(4): 517 - 522. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. F. Notarius, D. J. Atchison, G. A. Rongen, and J. S. Floras Effect of adenosine receptor blockade with caffeine on sympathetic response to handgrip exercise in heart failure Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2001; 281(3): H1312 - H1318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. S. Floras, G. C. Butler, S.-I. Ando, S. C. Brooks, M. J. Pollard, and P. Picton Differential sympathetic nerve and heart rate spectral effects of nonhypotensive lower body negative pressure Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2001; 281(2): R468 - R475. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Galitzky, C. Sengenès, C. Thalamas, M. A. Marques, J.-M. Senard, M. Lafontan, and M. Berlan The lipid-mobilizing effect of atrial natriuretic peptide is unrelated to sympathetic nervous system activation or obesity in young men J. Lipid Res., April 1, 2001; 42(4): 536 - 544. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. P. Brunner-La Rocca, D. M. Kaye, R. L. Woods, J. Hastings, and M. D. Esler Effects of intravenous brain natriuretic peptide on regional sympathetic activity in patients with chronic heart failure as compared with healthy control subjects J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 1, 2001; 37(5): 1221 - 1227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C.F. Notarius, S. Ando, G.A. Rongen, and J.S. Floras Resting muscle sympathetic nerve activity and peak oxygen uptake in heart failure and normal subjects Eur. Heart J., June 2, 1999; 20(12): 880 - 887. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. L. Abramson, S.-i. Ando, C. F. Notarius, G. A. Rongen, and J. S. Floras Effect of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide on Muscle Sympathetic Activity and Its Reflex Control in Human Heart Failure Circulation, April 13, 1999; 99(14): 1810 - 1815. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. H. Bestle, N. V. Olsen, P. Christensen, B. V. Jensen, and P. Bie Cardiovascular, endocrine, and renal effects of urodilatin in normal humans Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, March 1, 1999; 276(3): R684 - R695. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. S. Pepper and R. W. Lee Sympathetic Activation in Heart Failure and Its Treatment With {beta}-Blockade Arch Intern Med, February 8, 1999; 159(3): 225 - 234. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Willenbrock, H. Stauss, M. Scheuermann, K. J. Osterziel, T. Unger, and R. Dietz Effect of chronic volume overload on baroreflex control of heart rate and sympathetic nerve activity Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 1997; 273(6): H2580 - H2585. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. S. Marcus, D. Hart, M. Packer, M. Yushak, N. Medina, R. S. Danziger, D. F. Heitjan, and S. D. Katz Hemodynamic and Renal Excretory Effects of Human Brain Natriuretic Peptide Infusion in Patients With Congestive Heart Failure: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Crossover Trial Circulation, December 15, 1996; 94(12): 3184 - 3189. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. W. Jahnke, R. Leyh, A. Bernhard, and H. H. Sievers ATRIAL NATIURETIC PEPTIDE RELEASE AT REST AND WITH EXERCISE AFTER CARDIAC TRANSPLANTATION WITH BICAVAL ANASTOMOSES J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., December 1, 1995; 110(6): 1600 - 1605. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S.-i. Ando, M. A. Rahman, G. C. Butler, B. L. Senn, and J. S. Floras Comparison of Candoxatril and Atrial Natriuretic Factor in Healthy Men : Effects on Hemodynamics, Sympathetic Activity, Heart Rate Variability, and Endothelin Hypertension, December 1, 1995; 26(6): 1160 - 1166. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. C. Butler, B. L. Senn, and J. S. Floras Influence of Atrial Natriuretic Factor on Spontaneous Baroreflex Sensitivity for Heart Rate in Humans Hypertension, June 1, 1995; 25(6): 1167 - 1171. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. S. Floras, L. Legault, G. A. Morali, K. Hara, and L. M. Blendis Increased Sympathetic Outflow in Cirrhosis and Ascites: Direct Evidence from Intraneural Recordings Ann Intern Med, March 1, 1991; 114(5): 373 - 380. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|