Circulation, Vol 89, 2070-2078, Copyright © 1994 by American Heart Association
WJ Paulus, PJ Vantrimpont and AM Shah
BACKGROUND: In isolated mammalian cardiomyocytes, papillary muscle
preparations, and ejecting hearts, nitric oxide (NO) or other cyclic
GMP-elevating interventions increase diastolic cell length and reduce peak
contractile performance by hastening onset of myocardial relaxation. In the
present study, the effect of NO on left ventricular (LV) relaxation and
diastolic distensibility was investigated in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS:
The NO donor substance sodium nitroprusside was infused during cardiac
catheterization in the global coronary bed of the LV of patients (n = 13)
investigated for chest pain who were without evidence of obstructive
coronary artery or other cardiac disease. Sodium nitroprusside was infused
intracoronarily at a dosage (< or = 4 micrograms/min) that was
previously shown to be devoid of systemic effects when infused into the
brachial artery to investigate the reactivity of the forearm vascular bed.
The effect of this global intracoronary infusion of the NO donor sodium
nitroprusside was assessed by sequential LV angiograms and
tip-micromanometer pressure recordings. During global intracoronary
nitroprusside infusion, there was a decrease in heart rate from 78 +/- 11
to 76 +/- 12 beats per minute (P < .05), in LV peak systolic pressure
from 161 +/- 18 to 146 +/- 18 mm Hg (P < .001), and in time to onset of
LV relaxation (interval from Q wave on the ECG to LV dP/dtmin) from 432 +/-
36 to 419 +/- 36 milliseconds (P < .01). In 7 patients in whom adequate
sequential LV angiograms could be obtained, LV end-diastolic volume
increased from 158 +/- 34 to 165 +/- 40 mL (P < .05), whereas LV end-
diastolic pressure fell from 18 +/- 5 to 12 +/- 3 mm Hg (P < .02), and
in 5 of these 7 patients, a downward shift of the diastolic LV pressure-
volume relation was observed. In 5 patients, a right atrial infusion of
sodium nitroprusside was performed either before (n = 2) or after the
global intracoronary infusion. The decrease in LV peak systolic pressure
observed during right atrial infusion was significantly smaller (P <
.01) than during global intracoronary infusion. CONCLUSIONS: The present
study reveals reduced LV pressure development, an LV relaxation-hastening
effect, and improved LV diastolic distensibility during global
intracoronary infusion of the NO donor substance sodium nitroprusside.
These effects appeared to be unrelated to systemic vasodilation or to
pericardial constraint and could be explained by a direct myocardial effect
of NO, probably through activation of guanylyl cyclase to increase cyclic
GMP or through modification of other cellular proteins.
ARTICLES
Acute effects of nitric oxide on left ventricular relaxation and diastolic distensibility in humans. Assessment by bicoronary sodium nitroprusside infusion
Cardiovascular Center, O.L.V. Ziekenhuis, Aalst, Belgium.
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