Circulation, Vol 90, 2280-2284, Copyright © 1994 by American Heart Association
SG Ellis, ER da Silva, G Heyndrickx, JD Talley, C Cernigliaro, G Steg, C Spaulding, M Nobuyoshi, R Erbel and C Vassanelli
BACKGROUND--When used in the setting of acute myocardial infarction,
intravenous thrombolytic agents fail to achieve early infarct artery
patency in 15% to 50% of patients. We tested the hypothesis that immediate
balloon angioplasty applied to patients with failed early reperfusion would
improve left ventricular function and clinical outcome at 30 days compared
with conservative management alone. METHODS AND RESULTS--One hundred
fifty-one patients with first anterior wall infarction treated with any
accepted intravenous thrombolytic regimen and angiographically demonstrated
to have an occluded infarct vessel within 8 hours of chest pain onset were
randomized to aspirin, heparin, and coronary vasodilators (conservative
therapy) or to this therapy and balloon angioplasty supplemented by further
thrombolytic therapy as needed. Left ventricular function was assessed
using multiple-gated equilibrium radionuclide technique to determine
ejection fraction, and adverse clinical outcome was assessed evaluating
death, ventricular tachycardia, and class III or IV heart failure at 30
days. Seventy- three patients were randomized to conservative therapy and
78 to angioplasty. The two groups were well balanced for patient age (59
+/- 11 years), sex (82% were male), and time to randomization (4.5 +/- 1.9
hours). Angioplasty was technically successful in 72 of 78 randomized
patients (92%). Two patients randomized to conservative therapy crossed
over to angioplasty within 72 hours. Resting 30-day ejection fraction was
40 +/- 11% in the angioplasty group and 39 +/- 12% in the conservative
group (P = .49), but ejection fraction with exercise was 43 +/- 15% and 38
+/- 13% for the angioplasty and conservatively treated groups, respectively
(P = .04). Adverse clinical outcomes included death in 5% and 10% (P =
.18), severe heart failure in 1% and 7% (P = .11), and either death or
severe heart failure in 6% and 17% (P = .05) of the angioplasty and
conservatively managed groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS--When applied to
patients with first anterior infarction, rescue angioplasty appears to be
useful in the prevention of death or severe heart failure, with improvement
in exercise, but not resting, ejection fraction. This strategy deserves
further study and highlights the potential advantage of early mechanical
restoration of infarct vessel patency when thrombolytic therapy has failed.
ARTICLES
Randomized comparison of rescue angioplasty with conservative management of patients with early failure of thrombolysis for acute anterior myocardial infarction
Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  A. Kumar and C. P. Cannon Acute Coronary Syndromes: Diagnosis and Management, Part II Mayo Clin. Proc., November 1, 2009; 84(11): 1021 - 1036. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Carver, S. Rafelt, A. H. Gershlick, K. L. Fairbrother, S. Hughes, R. Wilcox, and for the REACT Investigators Longer-Term Follow-Up of Patients Recruited to the REACT (Rescue Angioplasty Versus Conservative Treatment or Repeat Thrombolysis) Trial. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 7, 2009; 54(2): 118 - 126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. G. Goodman, V. Menon, C. P. Cannon, G. Steg, E. M. Ohman, and R. A. Harrington Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition) Chest, June 1, 2008; 133(6_suppl): 708S - 775S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Testa, W.J. van Gaal, G.G.L. Biondi-Zoccai, A. Abbate, P. Agostoni, R. Bhindi, and A.P. Banning Repeat thrombolysis or conservative therapy vs. rescue percutaneous coronary intervention for failed thrombolysis: systematic review and meta-analysis QJM, May 1, 2008; 101(5): 387 - 395. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Abbate, G. G.L. Biondi-Zoccai, D. L. Appleton, P. Erne, A. W. Schoenenberger, M. J. Lipinski, P. Agostoni, I. Sheiban, and G. W. Vetrovec Survival and Cardiac Remodeling Benefits in Patients Undergoing Late Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of the Infarct-Related Artery: Evidence From a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 4, 2008; 51(9): 956 - 964. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
American College of Cardiology/American Heart Asso, Developed in Collaboration With the Canadian Cardi, Endorsed by the American Academy of Family Physici, 2007 Writing Group to Review New Evidence and Upda, E. M. Antman, M. Hand, P. W. Armstrong, E. R. Bates, L. A. Green, L. K. Halasyamani, et al. 2007 Focused Update of the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 15, 2008; 51(2): 210 - 247. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
American College of Cardiology/American Heart Asso, 2007 Writing Group to Review New Evidence and Upda, S. B. King III, S. C. Smith Jr, J. W. Hirshfeld Jr, A. K. Jacobs, D. A. Morrison, and D. O. Williams 2007 Focused Update of the ACC/AHA/SCAI 2005 Guideline Update for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 15, 2008; 51(2): 172 - 209. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. M. Antman, M. Hand, P. W. Armstrong, E. R. Bates, L. A. Green, L. K. Halasyamani, J. S. Hochman, H. M. Krumholz, G. A. Lamas, C. J. Mullany, et al. 2007 Focused Update of the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: Developed in Collaboration With the Canadian Cardiovascular Society Endorsed by the American Academy of Family Physicians: 2007 Writing Group to Review New Evidence and Update the ACC/AHA 2004 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Writing on Behalf of the 2004 Writing Committee Circulation, January 15, 2008; 117(2): 296 - 329. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. B. King III, S. C. Smith Jr, J. W. Hirshfeld Jr, A. K. Jacobs, D. A. Morrison, D. O. Williams, 2005 WRITING COMMITTEE MEMBERS, S. C. Smith Jr, T. E. Feldman, J. W. Hirshfeld Jr, et al. 2007 Focused Update of the ACC/AHA/SCAI 2005 Guideline Update for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: 2007 Writing Group to Review New Evidence and Update the ACC/AHA/SCAI 2005 Guideline Update for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Writing on Behalf of the 2005 Writing Committee Circulation, January 15, 2008; 117(2): 261 - 295. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Eeckhout RESCUE PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: DOES THE CONCEPT MAKE SENSE? Heart, May 1, 2007; 93(5): 632 - 638. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. S. Hollenbeak, J. P. Fitzgibbons, M. Rossi, D. L. Morris, and P. Stillman The Impact of Percutaneous Coronary Interventions on Outcomes for Acute Myocardial Infarction in Pennsylvania American Journal of Medical Quality, March 1, 2007; 22(2): 85 - 94. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. J. Dzau, E. M. Antman, H. R. Black, D. L. Hayes, J. E. Manson, J. Plutzky, J. J. Popma, and W. Stevenson The Cardiovascular Disease Continuum Validated: Clinical Evidence of Improved Patient Outcomes: Part II: Clinical Trial Evidence (Acute Coronary Syndromes Through Renal Disease) and Future Directions Circulation, December 19, 2006; 114(25): 2871 - 2891. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. E. Tcheng and K. G. Kinney After Fibrinolysis: Is Cardiac Catheterization the Answer? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 3, 2006; 48(7): 1336 - 1338. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-P. Collet, G. Montalescot, M. Le May, M. Borentain, and A. Gershlick Percutaneous Coronary Intervention After Fibrinolysis: A Multiple Meta-Analyses Approach According to the Type of Strategy J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 3, 2006; 48(7): 1326 - 1335. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Owen, S. Aziz, D. Ramsdale, S. Sharma, B. Bhambi, W. Nyitray, G. N. Viswanathan, S. Sankar, A. H. Gershlick, A. Stephens-Lloyd, et al. Rescue Angioplasty after Thrombolysis N. Engl. J. Med., April 13, 2006; 354(15): 1639 - 1641. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. H. Gershlick, A. Stephens-Lloyd, S. Hughes, K. R. Abrams, S. E. Stevens, N. G. Uren, A. de Belder, J. Davis, M. Pitt, A. Banning, et al. Rescue Angioplasty after Failed Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction N. Engl. J. Med., December 29, 2005; 353(26): 2758 - 2768. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. J. Cantor, F. Brunet, C. P. Ziegler, A. Kiss, and L. J. Morrison Immediate angioplasty after thrombolysis: a systematic review Can. Med. Assoc. J., December 6, 2005; 173(12): 1473 - 1481. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Part 5: Acute Coronary Syndromes Circulation, November 29, 2005; 112(22_suppl): III-55 - III-72. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A G C Sutton, P G Campbell, R Graham, D J A Price, J C Gray, E D Grech, J A Hall, A A Harcombe, R A Wright, R H Smith, et al. One year results of the Middlesbrough early revascularisation to limit infarction (MERLIN) trial Heart, October 1, 2005; 91(10): 1330 - 1337. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. G. Steg, L. Francois, B. Iung, D. Himbert, P. Aubry, P. Charlier, H. Benamer, L. J. Feldman, and J.-M. Juliard Long-term clinical outcomes after rescue angioplasty are not different from those of successful thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction Eur. Heart J., September 2, 2005; 26(18): 1831 - 1837. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authors/Task Force Members, S. Silber, P. Albertsson, F. F. Aviles, P. G. Camici, A. Colombo, C. Hamm, E. Jorgensen, J. Marco, J.-E. Nordrehaug, et al. Guidelines for Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: The Task Force for Percutaneous Coronary Interventions of the European Society of Cardiology Eur. Heart J., April 2, 2005; 26(8): 804 - 847. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. G.C. Sutton and M. A. de Belder Rescue angioplasty--the MERLIN trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 1, 2005; 45(5): 806 - 807. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. G.C. Sutton and M. A. de Belder Definition of failed lysis may have influenced outcome in the MERLIN trial: Reply J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 1, 2005; 45(5): 808 - 809. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Schomig, G. Ndrepepa, J. Mehilli, J. Dirschinger, S. G. Nekolla, C. Schmitt, S. Martinoff, M. Seyfarth, M. Schwaiger, A. Kastrati, et al. A randomized trial of coronary stenting versus balloon angioplasty as a rescue intervention after failed thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 16, 2004; 44(10): 2073 - 2079. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Hayashi, M. Taniguchi, A. Kimura, M. Miyataka, A. Kurooka, T. Taniwa, T. Kiyoshima, M. Matsuura, N. Takeda, H. Nakamura, et al. Efficacy of Coronary Angioplasty Following Conventional Coronary Thrombolysis in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Angiology, September 1, 2004; 55(5): 507 - 515. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. G. C. Sutton, P. G. Campbell, R. Graham, D. J. A. Price, J. C. Gray, E. D. Grech, J. A. Hall, A. A. Harcombe, R. A. Wright, R. H. Smith, et al. A randomized trial of rescue angioplasty versus a conservative approach for failed fibrinolysis in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: The Middlesbrough Early Revascularization to Limit INfarction (MERLIN) trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 21, 2004; 44(2): 287 - 296. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. L. Grines and W. W. O'Neill Rescue angioplasty: Does the concept need to be rescued? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 21, 2004; 44(2): 297 - 299. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.A. Alhadi and K.A.A. Fox Do we need additional markers of myocyte necrosis: the potential value of heart fatty-acid-binding protein QJM, April 1, 2004; 97(4): 187 - 198. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. M. Tadros, M. A. Islam, A. Mirza, J. C. Blankenship, and E. A. Iliadis Angiographic and Long-Term Outcomes of "Rescue" Stenting versus PTCA in Failed Thrombolysis in Acute Myocardial Infarction Angiology, March 1, 2004; 55(2): 169 - 176. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Gabriel Steg, B. Iung, L. J Feldman, A. P Maggioni, U. Keil, J. Deckers, D. Cokkinos, K. A.A Fox, and for the ENACT investigators Determinants of use and outcomes of invasive coronary procedures in acute coronary syndromes: results from ENACT Eur. Heart J., April 1, 2003; 24(7): 613 - 622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Task Force on the Management of Acute Myocardi, F. Van de Werf, D. Ardissino, A. Betriu, D. V. Cokkinos, E. Falk, K. A.A. Fox, D. Julian, M. Lengyel, F.-J. Neumann, et al. Management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation Eur. Heart J., January 1, 2003; 24(1): 28 - 66. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Toussaint, F. Guyomard, A. Meliani, X. Tran-Thanh, C. Jouannon, F. Durup, and J.-Y. Devaux Angioplasty of residual stenosis after severe anteroseptal myocardial infarction: is it able to improve systolic function and to prevent cardiac failure? Eur J Heart Fail, January 1, 2003; 5(1): 81 - 83. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Ronner, R.T. van Domburg, M.J.B.M. van den Brand, P.J. de Feyter, D.P. Foley, W.J. van der Giessen, P.W. Serruys, and M.L. Simoons Platelet GP IIb/IIIa receptor blockers for failed thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction, alone or as adjunct to other rescue therapies. A single centre retrospective analysis of 548 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction Eur. Heart J., October 1, 2002; 23(19): 1529 - 1537. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K P Balachandran, J Miller, A C H Pell, B D Vallance, and K G Oldroyd Rescue percutaneous coronary intervention for failed thrombolysis: results from a district general hospital Postgrad. Med. J., June 1, 2002; 78(920): 330 - 334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. E. Buller and R. G. Carere New advances in the management of acute coronary syndromes: 3. The role of catheter-based procedures Can. Med. Assoc. J., January 1, 2002; 166(1): 51 - 61. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. de Lemos and E. Braunwald ST segment resolution as a tool for assessing the efficacy of reperfusion therapy J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., November 1, 2001; 38(5): 1283 - 1294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. C. Smith Jr, J. T. Dove, A. K. Jacobs, J. Ward Kennedy, D. Kereiakes, M. J. Kern, R. E. Kuntz, J. J. Popma, H. V. Schaff, D. O. Williams, et al. ACC/AHA guidelines for percutaneous coronary intervention (revision of the 1993 PTCA guidelines): A report of the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines (Committee to revise the 1993 guidelines for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) endorsed by the Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 15, 2001; 37(8): 2239 - 2239. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R.G. Wilcox ST-segment elevation resolution -- a surrogate for infarct vessel patency or myocardial perfusion, but a call for rescue? Eur. Heart J., May 1, 2001; 22(9): 722 - 724. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U Zeymer, R Schroder, U Tebbe, G.P Molhoek, K Wegscheider, and K.-L Neuhaus Non-invasive detection of early infarct vessel patency by resolution of ST-segment elevation in patients with thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction. Results of the angiographic substudy of the Hirudin for Improvement of Thrombolysis (HIT)-4 trial Eur. Heart J., May 1, 2001; 22(9): 769 - 775. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.D. Kovac and A.H. Gershlick How should we detect and manage failed thrombolysis? Eur. Heart J., March 2, 2001; 22(6): 450 - 457. [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. Kaul, R. Sapra, B. Singh, D. Sudan, T. Ghose, N. S. Dixit, and H. S. Wasir Abciximab During Rescue Angioplasty After Failed Thrombolysis Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann, March 1, 2001; 9(1): 31 - 35. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A de Belder CORONARY DISEASE: Acute myocardial infarction: failed thrombolysis Heart, January 1, 2001; 85(1): 104 - 112. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K G OLDROYD Identifying failure to achieve complete (TIMI 3) reperfusion following thrombolytic treatment: how to do it, when to do it, and why it's worth doing Heart, August 1, 2000; 84(2): 113 - 115. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A J O. Ophuis, F W Bar, F Vermeer, W Janssen, P A Doevendans, R J Haest, W R Dassen, and H J J Wellens Angiographic assessment of prospectively determined non-invasive reperfusion indices in acute myocardial infarction Heart, August 1, 2000; 84(2): 164 - 170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A G C Sutton, P G Campbell, E D Grech, D J A Price, A Davies, J A Hall, M J Stewart, and M A de Belder Failure of thrombolysis: experience with a policy of early angiography and rescue angioplasty for electrocardiographic evidence of failed thrombolysis Heart, August 1, 2000; 84(2): 197 - 204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Bar, J. Vainer, J. Stevenhagen, K. Neven, R. Aalbregt, T. Oude Ophuis, V. van Ommen, H. de Swart, E. de Muinck, W. Dassen, et al. Ten-year experience with early angioplasty in 759 patients with acute myocardial infarction J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 1, 2000; 36(1): 51 - 58. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Vanzetto, D. K. Glover, M. Ruiz, D. A. Calnon, R. Pasqualini, D. D. Watson, and G. A. Beller 99mTc-N-NOET Myocardial Uptake Reflects Myocardial Blood Flow and Not Viability in Dogs With Reperfused Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, May 23, 2000; 101(20): 2424 - 2430. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. E. Goldman and M. J. Eisenberg Identification and Management of Patients with Failed Thrombolysis after Acute Myocardial Infarction Ann Intern Med, April 4, 2000; 132(7): 556 - 565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Tackling myocardial infarction DTB, March 1, 2000; 38(3): 17 - 22. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Shah, G. S. Wagner, C. B. Granger, C. M. O'Connor, C. L. Green, K. M. Trollinger, R. M. Califf, and M. W. Krucoff Prognostic implications of TIMI flow grade in the infarct related artery compared with continuous 12-lead ST-segment resolution analysis: Reexamining the "gold standard" for myocardial reperfusion assessment J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 1, 2000; 35(3): 666 - 672. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Ross, K. S. Coyne, J. S. Reiner, S. W. Greenhouse, C. Fink, A. Frey, E. Moreyra, M. Traboulsi, N. Racine, A. L. Riba, et al. A randomized trial comparing primary angioplasty with a strategy of short-acting thrombolysis and immediate planned rescue angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction: the PACT trial J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 1, 1999; 34(7): 1954 - 1962. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F Vermeer, A J M O. Ophuis, E J v. Berg, L G Brunninkhuis, C J Werter, A G Boehmer, A H Lousberg, W R Dassen, and F W Bar Prospective randomised comparison between thrombolysis, rescue PTCA, and primary PTCA in patients with extensive myocardial infarction admitted to a hospital without PTCA facilities: a safety and feasibility study Heart, October 1, 1999; 82(4): 426 - 431. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Brodison, R. S More, and A. Chauhan Stents in medicine: The role of coronary angioplasty and stenting in acute myocardial infarction Postgrad. Med. J., October 1, 1999; 75(888): 591 - 598. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Scanlon, D. P. Faxon, A.-M. Audet, B. Carabello, G. J. Dehmer, K. A. Eagle, R. D. Legako, D. F. Leon, J. A. Murray, S. E. Nissen, et al. ACC/AHA guidelines for coronary angiography: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Coronary Angiography) developed in collaboration with the Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 1, 1999; 33(6): 1756 - 1824. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A G C Sutton Rescue thrombolysis for failure of primary thrombolysis cannot be justified BMJ, January 23, 1999; 318(7178): 261 - 261. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Sutton, P. O Lim, and P. Shiels Treatment and prognosis after myocardial infarction BMJ, August 8, 1998; 317(7155): 417 - 417. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. P H Drenth, A. Uppelschoten, T. E H Hooghoudt, and E. J P Lamfers Rescue thrombolysis may work even though primary thrombolysis has failed BMJ, July 11, 1998; 317(7151): 147 - 147. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. L White Thrombolytic Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction Part II: 1997 Update Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann, March 1, 1998; 6(1): 03 - 10. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. W SMYTH and J. M ELLIOTT Treating coronaries, at home or away? Heart, October 1, 1997; 78(4): 329 - 330. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. S. Reiner, C. F. Lundergan, A. Fung, K. Coyne, S. Cho, N. Israel, J. Kazmierski, G. Pilcher, J. Smith, S. Rohrbeck, et al. Evolution of Early TIMI 2 Flow After Thrombolysis for Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, November 15, 1996; 94(10): 2441 - 2446. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Lanzkron and W. R. Bell State-of-the-Art Review : Management of Patients Who Require Invasive Procedures Immediately Following Thrombolytic Therapy Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, July 1, 1996; 2(3): 158 - 163. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Laperche, P. G. Steg, M. Dehoux, J. Benessiano, G. Grollier, E. Aliot, J.-M. Mossard, P. Aubry, D. Coisne, M. Hanssen, et al. A Study of Biochemical Markers of Reperfusion Early After Thrombolysis for Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, October 15, 1995; 92(8): 2079 - 2086. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Rescue Angioplasty Following Failure of Thrombolysis Journal Watch Cardiology, January 1, 1995; 1995(101): 8 - 8. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 RESCUE ANGIOPLASTY AFTER FAILED THROMBOLYSIS Journal Watch (General), November 22, 1994; 1994(1122): 4 - 4. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Gibson, C. P. Cannon, S. A. Murphy, S. J. Marble, H. V. Barron, E. Braunwald, and for the TIMI Study Group Relationship of the TIMI Myocardial Perfusion Grades, Flow Grades, Frame Count, and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention to Long-Term Outcomes After Thrombolytic Administration in Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, April 23, 2002; 105(16): 1909 - 1913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|