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(Circulation. 1995;91:2627-2634.)
© 1995 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Measurement of Absolute Epicardial Coronary Artery Flow and Flow Reserve With Breath-Hold Cine Phase-Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Geoffrey D. Clarke, PhD; Robin Eckels; Curtis Chaney; Dorothy Smith, BS; Jason Dittrich, BS; W. Gregory Hundley, MD; Moriel NessAiver, PhD; Hong Fang Li, MS; Robert W. Parkey, MD; Ronald M. Peshock, MD

From the Departments of Radiology (G.D.C., R.E., C.C., D.S., J.D., H.F.L., R.W.P.) and Internal Medicine (W.G.H., R.M.P.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas; and the Magnetic Resonance Clinical Research Division (M.N.), Picker International, Inc, Highland Heights, Ohio. Present address for Dr NessAiver is Radiology Department, University of Maryland College of Medicine (Baltimore).

Correspondence to Geoffrey D. Clarke, PhD, Radiology Department/Medical Physics Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75235-9071.

Background Noninvasive measurement of absolute coronary arterial flow and coronary flow reserve would be of considerable use in the diagnosis and management of patients with coronary artery disease. Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to measure flow in a variety of vessels. The goal of the present study was to determine if MRI measurements of coronary artery flow in a single breath-hold can be used to determine flow reserve and the severity of pericardial stenosis.

Methods and Results In eight mongrel dogs, a closed chest model of partial left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion was created. Coronary flows in the left circumflex artery (LCx) and LAD were measured at rest and during adenosine infusion using velocity-encoded, breath-hold MRI and perivascular ultrasound (US) flowmeters. MRI measurements of absolute coronary flow and coronary flow reserve were highly correlated with US (r=.96 and .94, respectively). Flow reserve measured in the constricted LAD was significantly lower than that in the unconstricted LCx by both US (P=.002) and MRI (P=.011).

Conclusions MRI measurements of coronary flow and flow reserve were in good agreement with US measurements. In addition, MRI measurements of coronary flow reserve successfully discriminated stenotic from normal vessels. These results indicate that MRI is a useful method for the noninvasive assessment of coronary flow and stenosis.

Key Words: blood flow • magnetic resonance imaging • adenosine

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