(Circulation. 1996;93:2059-2067.)
© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Evidence for Load-Dependent and Load-Independent Determinants of Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Production
From the University of Ottawa Heart Institute at the Ottawa Civic Hospital and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.d.B., M.L.K.d.B., H.E.), Physiology (B.G.B., A.J.d.B.), and Biochemistry (H.E.), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and the Department of Pharmacology, Hoechst AG (W.L., B.A.S.), Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Correspondence to Adolfo J. de Bold, PhD, University of Ottawa Heart Institute Research Centre at the Ottawa Civic Hospital, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4E9, Canada.
Background In hypertension with cardiac hypertrophy, the specific contributions to increased production of the cardiac natriuretic peptides (NP) atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) by load and the hypertrophic process are not known. In the present work we determine ANF and BNP synthesis and secretion in the aortic-banded rat treated with dosage schedules of the ACE inhibitor ramipril that result in the prevention or regression of both hypertension and hypertrophy (high dosage) or in the prevention or regression of hypertrophy alone with persistent hypertension (low dosage). Myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform switch was studied as an indicator of ventricular cardiocyte hypertrophy as well as the levels of collagen III mRNA as a measure of changes in extracellular matrix.
Methods and Results Ramipril was administered for 6 weeks just after suprarenal aortic banding, or rats were banded for 6 weeks, after which ramipril was administered during the following 6 weeks. Banding caused an increase in blood pressure, left ventricular weight–to–body weight ratio, plasma and ventricular NP, ventricular NP mRNA, collagen III, and ß-MHC mRNA. Ramipril at 1 mg/kg normalized all these parameters while ramipril at 10 µg/kg normalized left ventricular weight–to–body weight ratio but not blood pressure. Plasma and ventricular NP content and mRNA levels were partially normalized by ramipril (10 µg/kg). Ramipril (10 µg/kg) prevented increased collagen III mRNA levels but did not affect ß-MHC mRNA levels.
Conclusions (1) NP production and secretion in aortic-banded rats are independently related to increased blood pressure and hypertrophy. (2) A load-dependent component is more important than a load-independent component in regulating left ventricular NP production. (3) ANF production is more sensitive than BNP production to the load-independent component. (4) Low-dose ramipril treatment reverses hypertrophy and the increased collagen III expression but does not reverse the increased ß-MHC isoform expression, suggesting that these are independently regulated processes. (5) Aortic banding and ACE inhibition do not affect atrial NP production and content.
Key Words: natriuretic peptides • myosin • collagen • aorta
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