This Article Full Text Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by van den Bree, M.B.M. Articles by Eaves, L.J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by van den Bree, M.B.M. Articles by Eaves, L.J. Pubmed/NCBI databases OMIM

(Circulation. 1996;94:1864-1869.)
© 1996 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Genetic Regulation of Hemodynamic Variables During Dynamic Exercise

The MCV Twin Study

M.B.M. van den Bree, PhD; R.M. Schieken, MD; W.B. Moskowitz, MD; L.J. Eaves, PhD

the Department of Human Genetics (M.B.M.v.d.B., L.J.E), Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University; and Pediatric Cardiology (R.M.S., W.B.M.), the Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.

Correspondence to Richard M. Schieken, MD, Pediatric Cardiology, Medical College of Virginia, PO Box 980026, Richmond, VA 23298-0026. E-mail schieken@gems.vcu.edu.

Background Both resting and exercise levels of blood pressure in individuals have been used as predictors of adult hypertension. One possible mechanism underlying the relation between childhood resting and exercise blood pressure and future blood pressure is a set of genes expressed in childhood that persists to regulate adult blood pressure.

Methods and Results To investigate the genetic relation of blood pressure and heart rate during both rest and exercise, we asked: (1) Are the genes that regulate resting hemodynamic variables the same genes that regulate these variables during exercise? (2) How much of the variance in exercise hemodynamic variables is genetic and how much is environmental? (3) Do the genetic and environmental influences on hemodynamic responses change with increasing levels of exercise? To determine how genetic and environmental effects expressed at rest influenced responses during dynamic exercise, a genetic analysis was conducted by fitting a series of models to the covariance matrices with the use of the LISREL VII program.

Conclusions We found that all the genetic effects expressed at the later stages of exercise can be explained by genetic effects expressed at rest and at the first stage of exercise. The environmental effects appear to be workload specific and include errors of measurement.

Key Words: genetics • blood pressure • exercise • pediatrics • heart rate

This article has been cited by other articles:

				W. S. Kremen, H. Xian, K. C. Jacobson, L. J. Eaves, C. E. Franz, M. S. Panizzon, S. A. Eisen, A. Crider, and M. J. Lyons Storage and Executive Components of Working Memory: Integrating Cognitive Psychology and Behavior Genetics in the Study of Aging J. Gerontol. B. Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci., March 1, 2008; 63(2): P84 - P91. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Ingelsson, M. G. Larson, R. S. Vasan, C. J. O'Donnell, X. Yin, J. N. Hirschhorn, C. Newton-Cheh, J. A. Drake, S. L. Musone, N. L. Heard-Costa, et al. Heritability, Linkage, and Genetic Associations of Exercise Treadmill Test Responses Circulation, June 12, 2007; 115(23): 2917 - 2924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Laukkanen, S. Kurl, R. Salonen, T. A. Lakka, R. Rauramaa, and J. T. Salonen Systolic Blood Pressure During Recovery From Exercise and the Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Middle-Aged Men Hypertension, December 1, 2004; 44(6): 820 - 825. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. A. Sonna, S. B. Glueck, and X. Jeunemaitre Exercise, genetics, and blood pressure: Focus on "Physical exercise and blood pressure with reference to the angiotensinogen M235T polymorphism" and on "Angiotensinogen M235T polymorphism associates with exercise hemodynamics in postmenopausal women" Physiol Genomics, August 14, 2002; 10(2): 45 - 47. [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Rankinen, P. An, T. Rice, G. Sun, Y. C. Chagnon, J. Gagnon, A. S. Leon, J. S. Skinner, J. H. Wilmore, D. C. Rao, et al. Genomic Scan for Exercise Blood Pressure in the Health, Risk Factors, Exercise Training and Genetics (HERITAGE) Family Study Hypertension, July 1, 2001; 38(1): 30 - 37. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Rankinen, J. Gagnon, L. Perusse, Y. C. Chagnon, T. Rice, A. S. Leon, J. S. Skinner, J. H. Wilmore, D. C. Rao, and C. Bouchard AGT M235T and ACE ID polymorphisms and exercise blood pressure in the HERITAGE Family Study Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2000; 279(1): H368 - H374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Samaras, P. J. Kelly, M. N. Chiano, T. D. Spector, and L. V. Campbell Genetic and Environmental Influences on Total-Body and Central Abdominal Fat: The Effect of Physical Activity in Female Twins Ann Intern Med, June 1, 1999; 130(11): 873 - 882. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. B. Moskowitz, P. F. Schwartz, and R. M. Schieken Childhood Passive Smoking, Race, and Coronary Artery Disease Risk: The MCV Twin Study Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, May 1, 1999; 153(5): 446 - 453. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]