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(Circulation. 1997;96:1477-1481.)
© 1997 American Heart Association, Inc.

Articles

Ethnic Origin and Serum Levels of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ Are Independent Predictors of Coronary Calcium Mass Measured by Electron-Beam Computed Tomography

Terence M. Doherty, BA; Weiyi Tang, MD; Steven Dascalos, BA; Karol E. Watson, MD; Linda L. Demer, MD, PhD; Robert M. Shavelle, PhD; ; Robert C. Detrano, MD, PhD

From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Harbor–UCLA Medical Center, and the Saint John's Cardiovascular Research Center (T.M.D., W.T., S.D., R.C.D.), Torrance, Calif; Division of Cardiology (K.E.W., L.L.D.), Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif; and Department of Statistics (R.M.S.), University of California, Riverside.

Correspondence to Robert Detrano, MD, PhD, Division of Cardiology, Harbor–UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W Carson St, RB-2, Torrance, CA 90502. E-mail detrano{at}harbor4.humc.edu

Background Blacks have been found to have lower amounts of coronary calcium as well as higher levels of the osteoregulatory steroid 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ [1,25(OH)₂D₃] than whites. We sought to determine if racial differences in coronary calcium mass could be explained by differences in serum levels of 1,25(OH)₂D₃.

Methods and Results We evaluated standard coronary risk factors, quantified coronary calcium mass with electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT), and measured serum 1,25(OH)₂D₃ with radioimmunoassay in 283 high-risk subjects (51 [18%] black, 232 [82%] white). Black subjects had lower masses of coronary calcium than whites (14 versus 47 mg; P=.003). Serum 1,25(OH)₂D₃ levels were slightly higher in blacks (41 versus 38 pg/mL; P=.05). Log 1,25(OH)₂D₃ levels were inversely proportional to log-transformed calcium mass (r=-.19; P=.001) in both races. Multivariate linear regression demonstrated that both black race (P=.02) and 1,25(OH)₂D₃ levels (P=.007) contributed inversely and independently to coronary calcium mass. However, an interaction term of racex1,25(OH)₂D₃ did not significantly contribute to coronary calcium mass, indicating that other undetermined factors in addition to 1,25(OH)₂D₃ are responsible for ethnic differences in coronary calcium mass.

Conclusions Both black race and serum levels of 1,25(OH)₂D₃ are independent negative determinants of coronary calcium mass. Nevertheless, diminished amounts of coronary calcium in blacks are not accounted for by higher 1,25(OH)₂D₃ levels.

Key Words: calcium • vitamin D • race • tomography

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