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(Circulation. 1998;98:2377-2382.)
© 1998 American Heart Association, Inc.

Clinical Investigation and Reports

Long-Term Beneficial Effect of Late Reperfusion for Acute Anterior Myocardial Infarction With Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty

Presented in part at the 70th Annual Scientific Sessions of the American Heart Association, Orlando, Fla, November 9–12, 1997, and published in abstract form (Circulation. 1997;96[suppl I]:I-340).

Hajime Horie, MD; Masayuki Takahashi, MD; Kazuo Minai, MD; Masafumi Izumi, MD; Atsushi Takaoka, MD; Masato Nozawa, MD; Hiroshi Yokohama, MD; Tamotsu Fujita, MD; Taizo Sakamoto, MD; Osamu Kito, MD; Hiroshi Okamura, MD; ; Masahiko Kinoshita, MD

From the First Department of Internal Medicine (H.H., M.T., K.M., M.I., A.T., H.Y., T.F., M.K.) and the Section of Emergency and Critical Medicine (Medical Coordination Center) (H.H., K.M., H.Y.), Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan, and Okamura Memorial Hospital (M.N., T.F., T.S., O.K., H.O.), Shizuoka, Japan.

Correspondence to Hajime Horie, MD, First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan. E-mail hajime{at}belle.shiga-med.ac.jp

Background—Although the short-term and long-term beneficial effects of early coronary revascularization by primary PTCA or thrombolytic therapy have been established for acute myocardial infarction, thrombolytic therapy >24 hours after the onset of acute myocardial infarction has not been shown to improve clinical outcome. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of late revascularization by primary PTCA over a 5-year period.

Methods and Results—Eighty-three patients with initial Q-wave anterior myocardial infarction >24 hours after onset were randomized into a PTCA group (n=44) and a no-PTCA group (n=39). Long-term follow-up was conducted with regard to end points, which included cardiac death, nonfatal recurrence of myocardial infarction, and development of congestive heart failure. Left ventricular ejection fraction and regional wall motion at 6 months after myocardial infarction were similar in the 2 groups. Left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volume indexes were significantly smaller in the PTCA group than in the no-PTCA group (P<0.0001). With cardiac events as end points, a 5-year Kaplan-Meier event-free survival analysis revealed that the no-PTCA group had a worse prognosis than the PTCA group (P<0.0001). Patency of the infarct-related artery, left ventricular ejection fraction, end-diastolic volume index, and end-systolic volume index were significantly associated with cardiac events by a Cox proportional hazards analysis (hazard ratios 0.120, 0.845, 1.065, and 1.164, respectively).

Conclusions—In initial Q-wave anterior myocardial infarction, we conclude that even with late reperfusion, PTCA had beneficial effects on cardiac events over the 5-year period after myocardial infarction, with the prevention of left ventricular dilation after myocardial infarction being a possible mechanism.

Key Words: myocardial infarction • angioplasty • reperfusion • prognosis

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