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Circulation. 1999;99:111-120

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(Circulation. 1999;99:111-120.)
© 1999 American Heart Association, Inc.


Basic Science Reports

Age-Dependent Impairment of Angiogenesis

Presented in preliminary form as finalist presentation for the Melvin Marcus Young Investigator Award at the 70th Scientific Sessions of the American Heart Association, November 9–12, 1997, and published in abstract form (Circulation. 1997;96:I-J).

Alain Rivard, MD; Jean-Etienne Fabre, MD; Marcy Silver, BS; Dongfen Chen, MD; Toyoaki Murohara, MD; Marianne Kearney, BS; Meredith Magner, BS; Takayuki Asahara, MD; Jeffrey M. Isner, MD

From the Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Biomedical Research, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass.

Correspondence to Jeffrey M. Isner, MD, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, 736 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02135. E-mail jisner{at}opal.tufts.edu

Background—The effect of aging on angiogenesis in ischemic vascular disease has not been studied. Accordingly, we investigated the hypothesis that angiogenesis is impaired as a function of age.

Methods and Results—Forty days after the resection of 1 femoral artery, collateral vessel development was significantly impaired in old (aged 4 to 5 years; n=7) versus young (aged 6 to 8 months; n=6) New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits on the basis of reduced hindlimb perfusion (ischemic: normal blood pressure ratio=0.58±0.05 versus 0.77±0.06; P<0.005), reduced number of angiographically visible vessels (angiographic score=0.48±0.05 versus 0.70±0.05; P<0.01), and lower capillary density in the ischemic limb (130.3±5.8/mm2 versus 171.4±9.5/mm2; P<0.001). Angiogenesis was also impaired in old (aged 2 years) versus young (aged 12 weeks) mice as shown by reduced hindlimb perfusion (measured by laser Doppler imaging) and lower capillary density (353.0±14.3/mm2 versus 713.3±63.4/mm2; P<0.01). Impaired angiogenesis in old animals was the result of impaired endothelial function (lower basal NO release and decreased vasodilation in response to acetylcholine) and a lower expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in ischemic tissues (by Northern blot, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry). When recombinant VEGF protein was administered to young and old rabbits, both groups exhibited a significant and similar increase in blood pressure ratio, angiographic score, and capillary density.

Conclusions—Angiogenesis responsible for collateral development in limb ischemia is impaired with aging; responsible mechanisms include age-related endothelial dysfunction and reduced VEGF expression. Advanced age, however, does not preclude augmentation of collateral vessel development in response to exogenous angiogenic cytokines.


Key Words: growth substances • endothelium • aging • angiogenesis




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