(Circulation. 1999;99:2452-2457.)
© 1999 American Heart Association, Inc.
Basic Science Reports |
Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death by Dietary Pure 
-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Dogs
From the Department of Physiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (G.E.B.) and Departments of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.X.K., A.L.).
Correspondence to Alexander Leaf, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital, East, Building 149, 13th St, Charlestown, MA 02129. E-mail leaf.alexander1{at}mgh.harvard.edu
Background—Rat diets high in
fish oil have been shown to be protective against
ischemia-induced fatal ventricular
arrhythmias. Increasing evidence suggests that this may also
apply to humans. To confirm the evidence in animals, we tested a
concentrate of the free fish-oil fatty acids and found them to be
antiarrhythmic. In this study, we tested the pure free fatty acids of
the 2 major dietary 
-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish
oil: cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid
(C20:5-3) and cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6-3),
and the parent -3 fatty acid in some vegetable oils,
cis-9,12,15-
-linolenic acid (C18:3-3), administered
intravenously on albumin or a phospholipid
emulsion.
Methods and Results—The tests were performed in a dog model of
cardiac sudden death. Dogs were prepared with a large anterior wall
myocardial infarction produced surgically and an inflatable cuff placed
around the left circumflex coronary artery. With the dogs
running on a treadmill 1 month after the surgery, occlusion of the left
circumflex artery regularly produced ventricular
fibrillation in the control tests done 1 week before and after the
test, with the -3 fatty acids administered intravenously
as their pure free fatty acid. With infusion of the
eicosapentaenoic acid, 5 of 7 dogs were
protected from fatal ventricular arrhythmias
(P<0.02). With docosahexaenoic acid, 6 of 8 dogs were
protected, and with -linolenic acid, 6 of 8 dogs were also
protected (P<0.004 for each). The before and after
control studies performed on the same animal all resulted in fatal
ventricular arrhythmias, from which they were
defibrillated.
Conclusions—These results indicate that purified -3 fatty
acids can prevent ischemia-induced ventricular
fibrillation in this dog model of sudden cardiac death.
Key Words: fatty acids • death, sudden • diet
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 C. N. Serhan, C. B. Clish, J. Brannon, S. P. Colgan, N. Chiang, and K. Gronert Novel Functional Sets of Lipid-Derived Mediators with Antiinflammatory Actions Generated from Omega-3 Fatty Acids via Cyclooxygenase 2-Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs and Transcellular Processing J. Exp. Med., October 16, 2000; 192(8): 1197 - 1204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Marchioli, F. Valagussa, and On Behalf of GISSI-Prevenzione investigators The results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial in the general framework of secondary prevention Eur. Heart J., June 2, 2000; 21(12): 949 - 952. [PDF]
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J. X Kang and A. Leaf Prevention of fatal cardiac arrhythmias by polyunsaturated fatty acids Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2000; 71(1): 202S - 207S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. N. Lemaitre, I. B. King, T. E. Raghunathan, R. M. Pearce, S. Weinmann, R. H. Knopp, M. K. Copass, L. A. Cobb, and D. S. Siscovick Cell Membrane Trans-Fatty Acids and the Risk of Primary Cardiac Arrest Circulation, February 12, 2002; 105(6): 697 - 701. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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