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(Circulation. 2005;112:3033-3035.)
© 2005 American Heart Association, Inc.

Editorial

Calling on Reserves

Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Growth Factor in Cardiac Repair

Ebo D. de Muinck, MD, PhD; Michael Simons, MD

From the Angiogenesis Research Center, Section of Cardiology (E.D.d.M., M.S.), and the Departments of Medicine (E.D.d.M., M.S.), Physiology (E.D.d.M.), and Pharmacology and Toxicology (M.S.), Dartmouth Medical School, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH.

Correspondence to Michael Simons, MD, Section of Cardiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Dr, Lebanon, NH 03756. E-mail michael.simons@dartmouth.edu

Key Words: Editorials • cells • angiogenesis • myocardial repair • myocardial infarction

An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.

Tissue injury elicits a regenerative response designed to restore its function through replacement of damaged cells. Such repair is thought to involve lineage-specific, tissue-specific progenitor cells that have been identified in most tissues, including the heart.^1–3 The effectiveness of this repair ranges from minimal to complete, depending, among other factors, on the involved organ and the age of the individual in question, with certain organs such as the brain or the heart thought to have very low repair potential. Furthermore, little role has been ascribed to bone marrow–derived progenitors in adult tissue repair. Recent studies, however, have challenged both of these paradigms. The notion that the heart is a terminally differentiated organ without the capability of self-renewal has been challenged by the discovery of cardiac-specific progenitor cells residing in the myocardium.³ However, it is unclear how much functional effect such repair processes have and whether they can be effectively stimulated with pharmacological or biological therapies.

Article p 3097

The beneficial effects observed after transplantation of various cell types into the myocardium in animal models of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)⁴ have led to the initiation of clinical studies even though the mechanism of these effects remains uncertain. The cell types tested in the setting of acute myocardial ischemia have ranged from unfractionated to different fractions of bone marrow–derived or peripheral blood mononuclear cells delivered by percutaneous intramyocardial or intracoronary injections.⁴ Essentially all studies have suggested some biological effectiveness, although in all cases, this conclusion is tempered by the uncontrolled nature and . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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