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(Circulation. 2008;118:1403-1404.)
© 2008 American Heart Association, Inc.

Clinical Summaries

An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract.

	Two-Year Survival and Mental and Psychomotor Outcomes After the Norwood Procedure: An Analysis of the Modified Blalock-Taussig Shunt and Right Ventricle–to–Pulmonary Artery Shunt Surgical Eras

 
The outcomes of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome treated with the Norwood procedure over 2 consecutive surgical eras (1996 to 2002 and 2002 to 2005) were evaluated. Survival in the early postoperative period and at 2 years of age demonstrated improvement. Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of age (mental and psychomotor developmental indices) showed improvement in the more recent era, with psychomotor delay decreasing by half. For these outcomes, we have identified independent predictors, including modifiable variables, that may be important in guiding clinical care management. For survival outcome at 2 years of age, postoperative lactate was identified as an independent predictor, which supports the longstanding clinical practice aimed at optimizing patient hemodynamic status. For neurodevelopmental outcomes, the identified independent negative predictors included prolonged hospitalization and preoperative ventilation. We also identified other independent outcome predictors that may play an important role in parental counseling on anticipated neurodevelopmental outcome. Such findings may allow the clinician to tailor parent counseling by considering specific patient characteristics, such as the need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, as well as sex and the family’s socioeconomic status. Finally, early intervention and close multidisciplinary follow-up are instrumental for these children at risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. See p 1410.

	Patent Foramen Ovale and Migraine: A Cross-Sectional Study From the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS)

 
Although a causal relationship between patent foramen ovale (PFO) and migraine has been hypothesized, and improvement of migraine severity after percutaneous PFO closure has been reported, population-based data on this relationship are sparse. This study reports on the lack of a significant association between migraine and PFO detected . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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