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Table 4. Prophylactic Regimens for Dental, Oral, Respiratory Tract, or Esophageal Procedures^{1 22 59 60 61}

Situation Agent Regimen Standard general prophylaxis Amoxicillin Adults: 2.0 g; children: 50 mg/kg orally 1 h before procedure Unable to take oral medications Ampicillin Adults: 2.0 g IM or IV; children: 50 mg/kg IM or IV within 30 min before procedure Allergic to penicillin Clindamycin or Adults: 600 mg; children: 20 mg/kg orally 1 h before procedure Cephalexin2 or cefadroxil2 or Adults: 2.0 g; children; 50 mg/kg orally 1 h before procedure Azithromycin or clarithromycin Adults: 500 mg; children: 15 mg/kg orally 1 h before procedure Allergic to penicillin and unable to take oral medications Clindamycin or Cefazolin2 Adults: 600 mg; children: 20 mg/kg IV within 30 min before procedure Adults: 1.0 g; children: 25 mg/kg IM or IV within 30 min before procedure

IM indicates intramuscularly, and IV, intravenously.

¹ Total children’s dose should not exceed adult dose.

² Cephalosporins should not be used in individuals with immediate-type hypersensitivity reaction (urticaria, angioedema, or anaphylaxis) to penicillins.

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