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(Circulation. 2000;102:1270.)
© 2000 American Heart Association, Inc.


Clinical Investigation and Reports

Aging, Habitual Exercise, and Dynamic Arterial Compliance

Hirofumi Tanaka, PhD; Frank A. Dinenno, MS; Kevin D. Monahan, MS; Christopher M. Clevenger, MS; Christopher A. DeSouza, PhD; Douglas R. Seals, PhD

From the Human Cardiovascular Research Laboratory (H.T., F.A.D., K.D.M., C.M.C., C.A.D., D.R.S.), Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, and the Divisions of Cardiology and Geriatric Medicine (D.R.S.), Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver.

Correspondence to Hirofumi Tanaka, PhD, Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0354. E-mail tanakah{at}colorado.edu

Background—A reduction in compliance of the large-sized cardiothoracic (central) arteries is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease with advancing age.

Methods and Results—We determined the role of habitual exercise on the age-related decrease in central arterial compliance by using both cross-sectional and interventional approaches. First, we studied 151 healthy men aged 18 to 77 years: 54 were sedentary, 45 were recreationally active, and 53 were endurance exercise–trained. Central arterial compliance (simultaneous B-mode ultrasound and arterial applanation tonometry on the common carotid artery) was lower (P<0.05) in middle-aged and older men than in young men in all 3 groups. There were no significant differences between sedentary and recreationally active men at any age. However, arterial compliance in the endurance-trained middle-aged and older men was 20% to 35% higher than in the 2 less active groups (P<0.01). As such, age-related differences in central arterial compliance were smaller in the endurance-trained men than in the sedentary and recreationally active men. Second, we studied 20 middle-aged and older (53±2 years) sedentary healthy men before and after a 3-month aerobic exercise intervention (primarily walking). Regular exercise increased central arterial compliance (P<0.01) to levels similar to those of the middle-aged and older endurance-trained men. These effects were independent of changes in body mass, adiposity, arterial blood pressure, or maximal oxygen consumption.

Conclusions—Regular aerobic-endurance exercise attenuates age-related reductions in central arterial compliance and restores levels in previously sedentary healthy middle-aged and older men. This may be one mechanism by which habitual exercise lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease in this population.


Key Words: elasticity • arteries • lifestyle • ultrasonics




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CirculationHome page
K. D. Monahan, H. Tanaka, F. A. Dinenno, and D. R. Seals
Central Arterial Compliance Is Associated With Age- and Habitual Exercise-Related Differences in Cardiovagal Baroreflex Sensitivity
Circulation, October 2, 2001; 104(14): 1627 - 1632.
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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
K. D. Monahan, F. A. Dinenno, D. R. Seals, and J. R. Halliwill
Smaller age-associated reductions in leg venous compliance in endurance exercise-trained men
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2001; 281(3): H1267 - H1273.
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HypertensionHome page
K. E. Ferrier, T. K. Waddell, C. D. Gatzka, J. D. Cameron, A. M. Dart, and B. A. Kingwell
Aerobic Exercise Training Does Not Modify Large-Artery Compliance in Isolated Systolic Hypertension
Hypertension, August 1, 2001; 38(2): 222 - 226.
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Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
K. D. Monahan, F. A. Dinenno, D. R. Seals, C. M. Clevenger, C. A. Desouza, and H. Tanaka
Age-associated changes in cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity are related to central arterial compliance
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 2001; 281(1): H284 - H289.
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CirculationHome page
B. E. Hunt, W. B. Farquhar, and J. A. Taylor
Does Reduced Vascular Stiffening Fully Explain Preserved Cardiovagal Baroreflex Function in Older, Physically Active Men?
Circulation, May 22, 2001; 103(20): 2424 - 2427.
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J. Physiol.Home page
K. D Monahan, F. A Dinenno, H. Tanaka, C. M Clevenger, C. A DeSouza, and D. R Seals
Regular aerobic exercise modulates age-associated declines in cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity in healthy men
J. Physiol., November 15, 2000; 529(1): 263 - 271.
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CirculationHome page
M. J. Joyner
Effect of Exercise on Arterial Compliance
Circulation, September 12, 2000; 102(11): 1214 - 1215.
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J. Appl. Physiol.Home page
H. Tanaka, D. R. Seals, K. D. Monahan, C. M. Clevenger, C. A. DeSouza, and F. A. Dinenno
Regular aerobic exercise and the age-related increase in carotid artery intima-media thickness in healthy men
J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2002; 92(4): 1458 - 1464.
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J. Physiol.Home page
P. P. Jones, L. F Shapiro, G. A Keisling, R. A Quaife, and D. R Seals
Is autonomic support of arterial blood pressure related to habitual exercise status in healthy men?
J. Physiol., April 15, 2002; 540(2): 701 - 706.
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CirculationHome page
D. A. Kass, E. P. Shapiro, M. Kawaguchi, A. R. Capriotti, A. Scuteri, R. C. deGroof, and E. G. Lakatta
Improved Arterial Compliance by a Novel Advanced Glycation End-Product Crosslink Breaker
Circulation, September 25, 2001; 104(13): 1464 - 1470.
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