(Circulation. 2001;103:1503.)
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.
Clinical Investigation and Reports |
Independent and Joint Effects of Antibodies to Human Heat-Shock Protein 60 and Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection in the Development of Coronary Atherosclerosis
From the Department of Medical Microbiology (K. Burian, Z.K., D.V., V.E., E.G.) and Department of Medical Informatics (K. Boda), Szeged University, Szeged, Hungary; 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University (Z.P., L.H., L.R., G.F.) and Research Group of Metabolism, Genetics and Immunology, Hungarian Academy of Science (Z.P., L.R., G.F.), Budapest, Hungary; National Institute of Cardiology (J.D.), Budapest, Hungary; and The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pa (K. Berencsi, E.G.).
Correspondence to Eva Gonczol, MD, PhD, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Szeged, Dom ter 10, H6720 Szeged, Hungary. E-mail gonczol{at}comser.szote.u-szeged.hu
Background—Studies have suggested that the prevalence of antibodies against heat-shock proteins (HSPs), Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), but the independent or joint effects of human (h) HSP60 antibodies and these pathogens in patients have not been fully elucidated.
Methods and Results—A total of 405 subjects (276 patients with CAD and 129 control individuals) were tested for serum antibodies to hHSP60, Cpn, and CMV immediate-early-1 (IE1) antigens. Patients were also assessed for serum cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and smoking habit. Significantly elevated levels of antibodies to hHSP60 and Cpn but not to CMV-IE1 antigens were documented in CAD patients. Multiple logistic regression analysis and subanalyses of selected subjects showed that these associations were independent of age, sex, smoking, and serum lipid levels. Antibodies to hHSP60 and Cpn did not correlate quantitatively; however, the relative risk of disease development was substantially increased in subjects with high antibody levels to both hHSP60 and Cpn, reaching an odds ratio of 82.0 (95% CI 10.6 to 625.0).
Conclusions—High levels of antibodies to hHSP60 and Cpn are independent risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis, but their simultaneous presence substantially increases the risk for disease development.
Key Words: coronary disease • antibodies • epidemiology • Chlamydia pneumoniae
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  X. Zhang, M.-A. He, L. Cheng, L. Zhou, H. Zeng, J. Wang, F. Wang, Y. Chen, F. B. Hu, and T. Wu Joint Effects of Antibody to Heat Shock Protein 60, Hypertension, and Diabetes on Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Chinese Clin. Chem., June 1, 2008; 54(6): 1046 - 1052. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Gupta and A. A. Knowlton HSP60 trafficking in adult cardiac myocytes: role of the exosomal pathway Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2007; 292(6): H3052 - H3056. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Mayr, S. Kiechl, S. Tsimikas, E. Miller, J. Sheldon, J. Willeit, J. L. Witztum, and Q. Xu Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Autoantibodies, Chronic Infections, and Carotid Atherosclerosis in a Population-Based Study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 20, 2006; 47(12): 2436 - 2443. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. Tormakangas, L. Erkkila, T. Korhonen, T. Tiirola, A. Bloigu, P. Saikku, and M. Leinonen Effects of Repeated Chlamydia pneumoniae Inoculations on Aortic Lipid Accumulation and Inflammatory Response in C57BL/6J Mice Infect. Immun., October 1, 2005; 73(10): 6458 - 6466. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K Mandal, G Foteinos, M Jahangiri, and Q Xu Role of antiheat shock protein 60 autoantibodies in atherosclerosis Lupus, September 1, 2005; 14(9): 742 - 746. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A G Pockley and J Frostegard Heat shock proteins in cardiovascular disease and the prognostic value of heat shock protein related measurements Heart, September 1, 2005; 91(9): 1124 - 1126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D H Birnie, L E Vickers, W S Hillis, J Norrie, and S M Cobbe Increased titres of anti-human heat shock protein 60 predict an adverse one year prognosis in patients with acute cardiac chest pain Heart, September 1, 2005; 91(9): 1148 - 1153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Foteinos, A. R. Afzal, K. Mandal, M. Jahangiri, and Q. Xu Anti-Heat Shock Protein 60 Autoantibodies Induce Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice via Endothelial Damage Circulation, August 23, 2005; 112(8): 1206 - 1213. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Fust, G. J. Arason, J. Kramer, C. Szalai, J. Duba, Y. Yang, E. K. Chung, B. Zhou, C. A. Blanchong, M.-L. Lokki, et al. Genetic basis of tobacco smoking: strong association of a specific major histocompatibility complex haplotype on chromosome 6 with smoking behavior Int. Immunol., October 1, 2004; 16(10): 1507 - 1514. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Hirono, E. Dibrov, C. Hurtado, A. Kostenuk, R. Ducas, and G. N. Pierce Chlamydia pneumoniae Stimulates Proliferation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Through Induction of Endogenous Heat Shock Protein 60 Circ. Res., October 17, 2003; 93(8): 710 - 716. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Uray, F. Hudecz, G. Fust, and Z. Prohaszka Comparative analysis of linear antibody epitopes on human and mycobacterial60-kDa heat shock proteins using samples of healthy blood donors Int. Immunol., October 1, 2003; 15(10): 1229 - 1236. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. M. Biasucci, G. Liuzzo, A. Ciervo, A. Petrucca, M. Piro, D. J. Angiolillo, F. Crea, A. Cassone, and A. Maseri Antibody Response to Chlamydial Heat Shock Protein 60 Is Strongly Associated With Acute Coronary Syndromes Circulation, June 24, 2003; 107(24): 3015 - 3017. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Perschinka, M. Mayr, G. Millonig, C. Mayerl, R. van der Zee, S. G. Morrison, R. P. Morrison, Q. Xu, and G. Wick Cross-Reactive B-Cell Epitopes of Microbial and Human Heat Shock Protein 60/65 in Atherosclerosis Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., June 1, 2003; 23(6): 1060 - 1065. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Agmon, B. K. Khandheria, I. Meissner, T. M. Petterson, W. M. O'Fallon, T. J. H. Christianson, D. O. Wiebers, T. F. Smith, J. M. Steckelberg, and A. J. Tajik Lack of association between Chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity and aortic atherosclerotic plaques: A Population-Based transesophageal echocardiographic study J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 7, 2003; 41(9): 1482 - 1487. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. V Pislaru, M. Van Ranst, C. Pislaru, Z. Szelid, G. Theilmeier, J.M Ossewaarde, P. Holvoet, S. Janssens, E. Verbeken, and F. J Van de Werf Chlamydia pneumoniae induces neointima formation in coronary arteries of normal pigs Cardiovasc Res, March 1, 2003; 57(3): 834 - 842. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Veres, G. Fust, M. Smieja, M. McQueen, A. Horvath, Q. Yi, A. Biro, J. Pogue, L. Romics, I. Karadi, et al. Relationship of Anti-60 kDa Heat Shock Protein and Anti-Cholesterol Antibodies to Cardiovascular Events Circulation, November 26, 2002; 106(22): 2775 - 2780. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q. Xu Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Atherosclerosis Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., October 1, 2002; 22(10): 1547 - 1559. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. S. Mahdi, B. D. Horne, K. Mullen, J. B. Muhlestein, and G. I. Byrne Serum Immunoglobulin G Antibodies to Chlamydial Heat Shock Protein 60 but Not to Human and Bacterial Homologs Are Associated With Coronary Artery Disease Circulation, September 24, 2002; 106(13): 1659 - 1663. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Rugonfalvi-Kiss, V. Endresz, H. O. Madsen, K. Burian, J. Duba, Z. Prohaszka, I. Karadi, L. Romics, E. Gonczol, G. Fust, et al. Association of Chlamydia pneumoniae With Coronary Artery Disease and Its Progression Is Dependent on the Modifying Effect of Mannose-Binding Lectin Circulation, August 27, 2002; 106(9): 1071 - 1076. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Stollberger and J. Finsterer Role of Infectious and Immune Factors in Coronary and Cerebrovascular Arteriosclerosis Clin. Vaccine Immunol., March 1, 2002; 9(2): 207 - 215. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N T Mulvihill and J B Foley Inflammation in acute coronary syndromes Heart, March 1, 2002; 87(3): 201 - 204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Bolego, A. Poli, and R. Paoletti Smoking and gender Cardiovasc Res, February 15, 2002; 53(3): 568 - 576. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Burian, K. Berencsi, V. Endresz, Z. Gyulai, T. Valyi-Nagy, I. Valyi-Nagy, M. Bakay, Y. Geng, D. Virok, L. Kari, et al. Chlamydia pneumoniae Exacerbates Aortic Inflammatory Foci Caused by Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection in Normocholesterolemic Mice Clin. Vaccine Immunol., November 1, 2001; 8(6): 1263 - 1266. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Virok, Z. Kis, L. Karai, L. Intzedy, K. Burian, A. Szabo, B. Ivanyi, E. Gonczol, and M. S. Elkind Chlamydia pneumoniae in Atherosclerotic Middle Cerebral Artery Editorial Comment Stroke, September 1, 2001; 32(9): 1973 - 1976. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|