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(Circulation. 2001;103:472.)
© 2001 American Heart Association, Inc.

AHA Science Advisory

Wine and Your Heart

A Science Advisory for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and Council on Cardiovascular Nursing of the American Heart Association

Ira J. Goldberg, MD; Lori Mosca, MD, PhD, MPH; Mariann R. Piano, RN, PhD; Edward A. Fisher, MD, PhD

Key Words: AHA Science Advisory • alcohol • epidemiology • coronary disease • diet

Data regarding the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in different populations have generated a series of hypotheses that protective substances in the diet may counteract the harmful effects of high-cholesterol, high-saturated-fat diets. One such potential food substance is wine, especially red wine. The purpose of this advisory is to summarize the current literature on wine intake and cardiovascular disease. As stated in a previous advisory on alcohol and CHD,¹ recommendations for use of a nonessential dietary component with significant health hazards require definitive evidence of benefit. Although population surveys and in vitro experiments show that wine may have limited beneficial effects, more compelling data exist for other less-hazardous approaches to cardiovascular risk reduction.

Epidemiological Association of Wine Intake and Cardiovascular Disease

Do Epidemiological Data Support a Role for Alcoholic Beverages (Wine in Particular) as a Cardioprotective Substance?
There are more than 60 prospective studies that suggest an inverse relation between moderate alcoholic beverage consumption and CHD.² A consistent coronary protective effect has been observed for consumption of 1 to 2 drinks per day of an alcohol-containing beverage; however, higher intakes are associated with increased total mortality.^{3 4} Although ecological studies support an association between wine intake and lower CHD risk, these studies are confounded by lifestyle, diet, and other cultural factors.^{4 5 6 7} Most cohort studies do not support an association between type of alcoholic beverage and prevention of heart disease; however, a few have suggested that wine may be more beneficial than beer or spirits.^{8 9} It remains unclear whether red wine confers any advantage over white wine or other types of alcoholic beverages.

A synthesis of the observational studies is difficult because of wide variations . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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