Circulation. 2005;111:363-368
doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000153339.27064.14
doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000153339.27064.14
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Circulation. 2005;111:363-368.)
© 2005 American Heart Association, Inc.
Contemporary Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine |
Endothelial Function
Cardiac Events
From the Division of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo College of Medicine, Rochester, Minn (A.L.) and the Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany (A.M.Z.).
Correspondence to Amir Lerman, MD, Division of Cardiovascular Disease and Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo College of Medicine, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55902. E-mail lerman.amir@mayo.edu
An extract of the first 250 words of the full text is provided, because this article has no abstract. |
 |
Introduction |
|---|
A growing body of evidence suggests that endothelial dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular events. Endothelial dysfunction can be regarded as a syndrome that exhibits systemic manifestations associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The concept of endothelial dysfunction should be extended beyond the conduit vessels into the vascular wall and even to the bone marrow and the progenitor endothelial cells. The present review is focused on the potential underlying mechanism by which endothelial dysfunction may contribute to cardiovascular events. The assessment of endothelial function may emerge as an integral adjuvant test for evaluation of the vulnerable patients at risk for future cardiovascular events.
|
Background |
|---|
Atherosclerosis is a chronic, systemic, and diffuse disease with focal complications in different vascular beds. The mechanisms by which a specific site is rendered more prone to the development of symptomatic disease and cardiovascular events are not known. The observation that all stages of atherosclerosis may be at distant and at multiple locations simultaneously but at the same time may spare entire segments may give rise to the hypothesis that the interface and interaction between the vascular wall and the circulation is the primary site of the mechanism underlying cardiovascular events.1
The endothelium is the monolayer of endothelial cells lining the lumen of the vascular beds and is mechanically and metabolically strategically located, separating the vascular wall from the circulation and the blood components.1,2 To fully understand the mechanism by which alteration in endothelial function may lead to cardiovascular events, we need to extend our vision and concepts
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  C. Giannarelli, A. Virdis, F. De Negri, E. Duranti, A. Magagna, L. Ghiadoni, A. Salvetti, and S. Taddei Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator Release in Healthy Subjects and Hypertensive Patients: Relationship With {beta}-Adrenergic Receptors and the Nitric Oxide Pathway Hypertension, August 1, 2008; 52(2): 314 - 321. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Settergren, F. Bohm, L. Ryden, and J. Pernow Cholesterol lowering is more important than pleiotropic effects of statins for endothelial function in patients with dysglycaemia and coronary artery disease Eur. Heart J., July 2, 2008; 29(14): 1753 - 1760. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. H. Han, J. H. Bae, D. R. Holmes Jr, R. J. Lennon, E. Eeckhout, G. W. Barsness, C. S. Rihal, and A. Lerman Sex differences in atheroma burden and endothelial function in patients with early coronary atherosclerosis Eur. Heart J., June 1, 2008; 29(11): 1359 - 1369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. S. Celermajer Reliable Endothelial Function Testing: At Our Fingertips? Circulation, May 13, 2008; 117(19): 2428 - 2430. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. D. Schocken, E. J. Benjamin, G. C. Fonarow, H. M. Krumholz, D. Levy, G. A. Mensah, J. Narula, E. S. Shor, J. B. Young, and Y. Hong Prevention of Heart Failure: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Councils on Epidemiology and Prevention, Clinical Cardiology, Cardiovascular Nursing, and High Blood Pressure Research; Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group; and Functional Genomics and Translational Biology Interdisciplinary Working Group Circulation, May 13, 2008; 117(19): 2544 - 2565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. S. Celermajer and M. K.C. Ng Where there's smoke... J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 6, 2008; 51(18): 1772 - 1774. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Li, J.-P. del Rincon, L. A. Jahn, Y. Wu, B. Gaylinn, M. O. Thorner, and Z. Liu Growth Hormone Exerts Acute Vascular Effects Independent of Systemic or Muscle Insulin-like Growth Factor I J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2008; 93(4): 1379 - 1385. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F Cosentino, D Hurlimann, C Delli Gatti, R Chenevard, N Blau, N J Alp, K M Channon, M Eto, P Lerch, F Enseleit, et al. Chronic treatment with tetrahydrobiopterin reverses endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in hypercholesterolaemia Heart, April 1, 2008; 94(4): 487 - 492. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Golbin, V. K. Somers, and S. M. Caples Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Cardiovascular Disease, and Pulmonary Hypertension Proceedings of the ATS, February 15, 2008; 5(2): 200 - 206. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. V. Brauner, L. Forchhammer, P. Moller, L. Barregard, L. Gunnarsen, A. Afshari, P. Wahlin, M. Glasius, L. O. Dragsted, S. Basu, et al. Indoor Particles Affect Vascular Function in the Aged: An Air Filtration-based Intervention Study Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., February 15, 2008; 177(4): 419 - 425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Ghiadoni, G. Penno, C. Giannarelli, Y. Plantinga, M. Bernardini, L. Pucci, R. Miccoli, S. Taddei, A. Salvetti, and S. Del Prato Metabolic Syndrome and Vascular Alterations in Normotensive Subjects at Risk of Diabetes Mellitus Hypertension, February 1, 2008; 51(2): 440 - 445. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Perticone, R. Maio, A. Sciacqua, F. Andreozzi, G. Iemma, M. Perticone, C. Zoccali, and G. Sesti Endothelial Dysfunction and C-Reactive Protein Are Risk Factors for Diabetes in Essential Hypertension Diabetes, January 1, 2008; 57(1): 167 - 171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Yamamoto, K. Kataoka, H. Shintaku, T. Yamashita, Y. Tokutomi, Y.-F. Dong, S. Matsuba, H. Ichijo, H. Ogawa, and S. Kim-Mitsuyama Novel Mechanism and Role of Angiotensin II Induced Vascular Endothelial Injury in Hypertensive Diastolic Heart Failure Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 2007; 27(12): 2569 - 2575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Steinberg, O. A. Harari, E. A. Lidington, J. J. Boyle, M. Nohadani, A. M. Samarel, M. Ohba, D. O. Haskard, and J. C. Mason A Protein Kinase C{epsilon}-Anti-apoptotic Kinase Signaling Complex Protects Human Vascular Endothelial Cells against Apoptosis through Induction of Bcl-2 J. Biol. Chem., November 2, 2007; 282(44): 32288 - 32297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Gossl, L. O. Lerman, and A. Lerman Frontiers in Nephrology: Early Atherosclerosis A View Beyond the Lumen J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2007; 18(11): 2836 - 2842. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Tongers and D. W. Losordo Frontiers in Nephrology: The Evolving Therapeutic Applications of Endothelial Progenitor Cells J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2007; 18(11): 2843 - 2852. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Bohm and J. Pernow The importance of endothelin-1 for vascular dysfunction in cardiovascular disease Cardiovasc Res, October 1, 2007; 76(1): 8 - 18. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Thielmann, M. Neuhauser, S. Knipp, E. Kottenberg-Assenmacher, A. Marr, N. Pizanis, M. Hartmann, M. Kamler, P. Massoudy, and H. Jakob Prognostic impact of previous percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with diabetes mellitus and triple-vessel disease undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg., August 1, 2007; 134(2): 470 - 476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. M. Shenouda and J. A. Vita Effects of Flavonoid-Containing Beverages and EGCG on Endothelial Function J. Am. Coll. Nutr., August 1, 2007; 26(4): 366S - 372S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Migliacci, C. Becattini, R. Pesavento, G. Davi, M. C. Vedovati, G. Guglielmini, E. Falcinelli, G. Ciabattoni, F. Dalla Valle, P. Prandoni, et al. Endothelial dysfunction in patients with spontaneous venous thromboembolism Haematologica, June 1, 2007; 92(6): 812 - 818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Lavi, A. Prasad, E. H. Yang, V. Mathew, R. D. Simari, C. S. Rihal, L. O. Lerman, and A. Lerman Smoking Is Associated With Epicardial Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction and Elevated White Blood Cell Count in Patients With Chest Pain and Early Coronary Artery Disease Circulation, May 22, 2007; 115(20): 2621 - 2627. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Akita, H. Otani, S. Matsuhisa, S. Kyoi, C. Enoki, R. Hattori, H. Imamura, H. Kamihata, Y. Kimura, and T. Iwasaka Exercise-induced activation of cardiac sympathetic nerve triggers cardioprotection via redox-sensitive activation of eNOS and upregulation of iNOS Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2007; 292(5): H2051 - H2059. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Boerrigter, L. C. Costello-Boerrigter, A. Cataliotti, H. Lapp, J.-P. Stasch, and J. C. Burnett Jr Targeting Heme-Oxidized Soluble Guanylate Cyclase in Experimental Heart Failure Hypertension, May 1, 2007; 49(5): 1128 - 1133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. J. Kullo and A. R. Malik Arterial Ultrasonography and Tonometry as Adjuncts to Cardiovascular Risk Stratification J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 3, 2007; 49(13): 1413 - 1426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Lerman, D. R. Holmes, J. Herrmann, and B. J. Gersh Microcirculatory dysfunction in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: cause, consequence, or both? Eur. Heart J., April 1, 2007; 28(7): 788 - 797. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. O. Lerman and A. Lerman All Oxidase Roads Lead to Angiotensin, Too Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., April 1, 2007; 27(4): 703 - 704. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Giannarelli, F. De Negri, A. Virdis, L. Ghiadoni, A. Cipriano, A. Magagna, S. Taddei, and A. Salvetti Nitric Oxide Modulates Tissue Plasminogen Activator Release in Normotensive Subjects and Hypertensive Patients Hypertension, April 1, 2007; 49(4): 878 - 884. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. G. Camici, M. Schiavoni, P. Francia, M. Bachschmid, I. Martin-Padura, M. Hersberger, F. C. Tanner, P. Pelicci, M. Volpe, P. Anversa, et al. Genetic deletion of p66Shc adaptor protein prevents hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress PNAS, March 20, 2007; 104(12): 5217 - 5222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. S. Tonetti, F. D'Aiuto, L. Nibali, A. Donald, C. Storry, M. Parkar, J. Suvan, A. D. Hingorani, P. Vallance, and J. Deanfield Treatment of Periodontitis and Endothelial Function N. Engl. J. Med., March 1, 2007; 356(9): 911 - 920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Gross, P. Tilly, D. Hentsch, J.-L. Vonesch, and J.-E. Fabre Vascular wall-produced prostaglandin E2 exacerbates arterial thrombosis and atherothrombosis through platelet EP3 receptors J. Exp. Med., February 19, 2007; 204(2): 311 - 320. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Nohria, M. E. Grunert, Y. Rikitake, K. Noma, A. Prsic, P. Ganz, J. K. Liao, and M. A. Creager Rho Kinase Inhibition Improves Endothelial Function in Human Subjects With Coronary Artery Disease Circ. Res., December 8, 2006; 99(12): 1426 - 1432. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. J. Kern, A. Lerman, J.-W. Bech, B. De Bruyne, E. Eeckhout, W. F. Fearon, S. T. Higano, M. J. Lim, M. Meuwissen, J. J. Piek, et al. Physiological Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease in the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Committee on Diagnostic and Interventional Cardiac Catheterization, Council on Clinical Cardiology Circulation, September 19, 2006; 114(12): 1321 - 1341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Iida, H. Luo, K. Hagisawa, T. Akima, P. K. Shah, T. Z. Naqvi, and R. J. Siegel Noninvasive Low-Frequency Ultrasound Energy Causes Vasodilation in Humans J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., August 1, 2006; 48(3): 532 - 537. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. F. Kelland and D. J. Webb Clinical Trials of Endothelin Antagonists in Heart Failure: A Question of Dose? Experimental Biology and Medicine, June 1, 2006; 231(6): 696 - 699. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. J. Gomes and E. Buffolo Coronary stenting and inflammation: implications for further surgical and medical treatment. Ann. Thorac. Surg., May 1, 2006; 81(5): 1918 - 1925. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. A. Elesber, H. Solomon, R. J. Lennon, V. Mathew, A. Prasad, G. Pumper, R. E. Nelson, J. P. McConnell, L. O. Lerman, and A. Lerman Coronary endothelial dysfunction is associated with erectile dysfunction and elevated asymmetric dimethylarginine in patients with early atherosclerosis Eur. Heart J., April 1, 2006; 27(7): 824 - 831. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Dhaun, J. Goddard, and DavidJ. Webb The Endothelin System and Its Antagonism in Chronic Kidney Disease J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., April 1, 2006; 17(4): 943 - 955. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. H. Schindler, J. Cardenas, J. O. Prior, A. D. Facta, M. C. Kreissl, X.-L. Zhang, J. Sayre, M. Dahlbom, J. Licinio, and H. R. Schelbert Relationship Between Increasing Body Weight, Insulin Resistance, Inflammation, Adipocytokine Leptin, and Coronary Circulatory Function J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., March 21, 2006; 47(6): 1188 - 1195. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. Yang and X.-F. Ming Recent advances in understanding endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Clin. Med. Res., March 1, 2006; 4(1): 53 - 65. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. B. Meigs, C. J. O'Donnell, G. H. Tofler, E. J. Benjamin, C. S. Fox, I. Lipinska, D. M. Nathan, L. M. Sullivan, R. B. D'Agostino, and P. W.F. Wilson Hemostatic Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes: The Framingham Offspring Study Diabetes, February 1, 2006; 55(2): 530 - 537. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Namdar, P. Koepfli, R. Grathwohl, P. T. Siegrist, M. Klainguti, T. Schepis, R. Delaloye, C. A. Wyss, S. P. Fleischmann, O. Gaemperli, et al. Caffeine Decreases Exercise-Induced Myocardial Flow Reserve J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 17, 2006; 47(2): 405 - 410. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. J. Domenech Preconditioning: A New Concept About the Benefit of Exercise Circulation, January 3, 2006; 113(1): e1 - e3. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Lerman and E. Eeckhout Coronary endothelial dysfunction following sirolimus-eluting stent placement: should we worry about it? Eur. Heart J., January 2, 2006; 27(2): 125 - 126. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Cosson, I. Pham, P. Valensi, J. Paries, J.-R. Attali, and A. Nitenberg Impaired Coronary Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation Is Associated With Microalbuminuria in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Angiographically Normal Coronary Arteries Diabetes Care, January 1, 2006; 29(1): 107 - 112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. H. Yang, J. P. McConnell, R. J. Lennon, G. W. Barsness, G. Pumper, S. J. Hartman, C. S. Rihal, L. O. Lerman, and A. Lerman Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Is an Independent Marker for Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction in Humans Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., January 1, 2006; 26(1): 106 - 111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|