Circulation, Vol 88, 628-637, Copyright © 1993 by American Heart Association
JE Schneider, BC Berk, MB Gravanis, EC Santoian, GD Cipolla, N Tarazona, B Lassegue and SB King 3d
BACKGROUND. Restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
is the major limitation of the long-term success of this procedure. The
process of restenosis is similar to an accelerated form of atherosclerosis.
Thus, therapeutic interventions that limit the progression and initiation
of atherosclerosis may be beneficial in the treatment of restenosis. One
such intervention is the antioxidant drug probucol, which has demonstrated
benefit in animal models of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS.
Twenty-six female domestic swine were divided into three study groups
(control, n = 9; low-dose probucol, n = 9; high-dose probucol, n = 8)
before oversized balloon injury of the left anterior descending and left
circumflex coronary arteries. Probucol (1 g/d, low-dose group; 2 g/d,
high-dose group) was administered 2 days before balloon injury and was
continued until the swine were killed 2 weeks after balloon injury.
Morphometric analysis of the injured arteries included the intimal area
(square millimeters), maximal intimal thickness (millimeters), and residual
lumen (ratio of luminal to intimal plus luminal area). Treatment with
high-dose probucol significantly reduced neointimal formation compared with
control animals (decreases of 36% in intimal area, P = .007; 20% in maximal
intimal thickness, P = NS; and an increase of 15% in residual lumen, P =
.02). CONCLUSIONS. The major finding of this study is that the antioxidant
drug probucol reduces neointimal formation after oversized balloon injury
in a swine model of restenosis. This suggests that active oxygen species
may play a role in restenosis.
ARTICLES
Probucol decreases neointimal formation in a swine model of coronary artery balloon injury. A possible role for antioxidants in restenosis
Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga.
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