(Circulation. 1995;92:253-261.)
© 1995 American Heart Association, Inc.
Articles |
Arrhythmias and Death After Coronary Artery Occlusion in the Rat
Continuous Telemetric ECG Monitoring in Conscious, Untethered Rats
From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
Correspondence to Janice M. Pfeffer, PhD, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115.
Background The onset of acute myocardial infarction (MI) is accompanied by a rapid increase in electrical instability and often fatal ventricular arrhythmias. The aim of this study was to assess the continuous arrhythmia profile during the initial 48 hours after coronary artery ligation in the rat in relation to time course, mortality, and infarct size.
Methods and Results Continuous ECG recordings were obtained in 26
conscious, untethered rats for 24 hours before and 48 hours after
coronary ligation by use of an implantable telemetry system. All
episodes of ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation were counted and
their durations summed. Infarct size was measured at 48 hours after MI
or after spontaneous death. After ligation, two distinctly active
arrhythmogenic periods developed (A1, 0 to 0.5 hours; A2, 1.5 to 9
hours), each followed by a quiescent phase of low ectopy (Q1, 0.5 to
1.5 hours; Q2, 10 to 48 hours). The total mortality rate of 65% was
found within the two active periods, with 13 of 15 deaths occurring in
A2. Rats with larger infarcts (
50%) and nonsurvivors tended to have
increased arrhythmia frequency and duration compared with both animals
with smaller MIs (<50%) and survivors.
Conclusions Two distinct arrhythmogenic periods occur in rats with acute MI that may be caused by different mechanisms and correspond to the bimodal arrhythmia time course seen in dogs and humans after acute MI. Telemetric monitoring of the ECG in the conscious rat after infarction will be useful in assessment of the differential effects of therapeutic interventions on these two arrhythmogenic periods and in the study of potential mechanisms for the spontaneous resolution of ventricular ectopy and risk of sudden death.
Key Words: myocardial infarction • fibrillation • tachycardia • arrhythmia
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